| Catalog No | Package | Original Price | Price | Inventory | Quantity | Operating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BP0892-5mg | 5mg | $420.00 | Sign in |
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Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP0892
Cas No.: 848784-85-0
Formula: C47H76O17
Mol Weight: 913.108
Botanical Source: Pulsatilla cernum and Pulsatilla koreana
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Can be supplied from milligrams to grams.
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
Inquire for bulk scale.
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
Pulsatilla saponin D (PSD) is a plant derived from the traditional Chinese medicine plant, Platycodon grandiflorus（Pulsatilla chinensis）Natural triterpenoid saponins from the roots. In recent years, with the deepening of pharmacological research on natural products, PSD has received widespread attention due to its significant anti-tumor activity, especially its potential in the treatment of colon cancer. As one of the malignant tumors with high incidence rate and mortality worldwide, colon cancer urgently needs to develop new effective and low toxicity therapeutic drugs. PSD, with its unique molecular structure and multi-target mechanism of action, provides a new approach for molecular targeted therapy of colon cancer.
This article aims to systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties, plant sources and extraction processes, pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, drug evaluation and pharmacokinetic characteristics of PSD, and explore its clinical application prospects and development directions, providing theoretical basis and reference for subsequent basic and clinical research.
The chemical structure of PSD belongs to the triterpenoid saponin class, with a molecular formula of C48H76O17 and a molecular weight of 913.1080 Da. Its structural core is the pentacyclic triterpenoid mother nucleus, which connects multiple sugar residues to form a typical saponin skeleton. The LogP value of PSD is 1.8682, indicating moderate hydrophobicity and favorable cell membrane permeability. Its polar surface area (TPSA) is as high as 274.75 Å ², indicating strong molecular polarity that may affect its oral absorption and bioavailability.
The water solubility is 0.1455 mg/mL, which belongs to low solubility compounds, indicating the need for appropriate solubility enhancement strategies in drug formulation development. PSD does not have the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, indicating that its function is mainly limited to peripheral tissues. The negative result of hERG channel inhibition experiment indicates a low risk of cardiac toxicity. The Ames mutagenicity test result is 0.0, indicating a low risk of genetic toxicity and meeting the basic requirements for drug safety.
PSD mainly comes from the traditional Chinese medicine Bai Tou Weng（Pulsatilla chinensis）Obtained through root extraction. Bai Tou Weng is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Ranunculaceae family and the Silver Lotus genus, widely distributed in northern China. Its roots contain abundant triterpenoid saponins, which are important medicinal materials used in traditional Chinese medicine for clearing heat, detoxifying, reducing swelling, and relieving pain.
The common methods for extracting PSD include solvent extraction, column chromatography separation, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification. Generally, ethanol or methanol is used for reflux extraction, followed by separation and purification through silica gel column chromatography or reverse phase C18 column. In recent years, the application of ultrasound assisted extraction and supercritical fluid extraction technology has improved the extraction efficiency and purity of PSD. In addition, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology has played an important role in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of PSD.
The pharmacological activity research of PSD mainly focuses on its anti-tumor effect, especially its performance in colon cancer models. In vitro experiments have shown that PSD can significantly inhibit the proliferation of various colon cancer cell lines, induce cell apoptosis, and suppress the migration and invasion ability of tumor cells. The in vivo animal model study further confirmed the inhibitory effect of PSD on colon cancer, manifested as tumor volume reduction and reduced metastasis.
In addition to anticancer activity, PSD also exhibits various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory, and antioxidant effects, which may synergistically promote its anti-tumor effect. Especially in regulating the tumor microenvironment and inhibiting tumor associated inflammatory factors, PSD exhibits unique advantages.
The anti colon cancer mechanism of PSD involves multiple signaling pathways and key molecular targets, reflecting its multi-target and multi pathway regulation characteristics. The main targets include:
In summary, PSD regulates the survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and microenvironment of tumor cells through multi-target and multi pathway synergistic effects, exerting its comprehensive anti colon cancer effect.
From the perspective of drug development, PSD has a high molecular weight and strong polarity, which limits its oral bioavailability. LogP is moderate and beneficial for membrane penetration, but high TPSA values and low water solubility may limit its absorption. Low blood-brain barrier penetration ability reduces the risk of central nervous system toxicity.
In terms of safety, PSD does not inhibit hERG channels and reduces the risk of cardiac toxicity; Ames test negative, low genetic toxicity, meets drug safety requirements.
Currently, there is limited pharmacokinetic data available for PSD. Preliminary studies have shown that PSD is widely distributed in the body, mainly metabolized through the liver, and excreted through bile and urine pathways. Its half-life is moderate, indicating that it is suitable for multiple administrations to maintain effective concentration. Further systematic pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies are needed in the future to optimize dosing regimens and dosage form design.
PSD, as a natural product with multi-target anti-tumor activity, has shown great potential for clinical applications. Its advantages in the treatment of colon cancer are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
However, the clinical translation of PSD still faces challenges. This mainly includes its low water solubility and limited oral bioavailability, lack of systematic preclinical toxicology and pharmacokinetic data, and large-scale clinical trials that have not yet been conducted. Future research should focus on:
In addition, combining modern drug design techniques such as nanocarriers, drug co crystals, and structural modifications may further enhance the drug properties and clinical application value of PSD.
Pulsatilla saponin D, as a natural triterpenoid saponin derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Bai Tou Weng, has become a hot topic in natural product pharmacology research due to its significant anti colon cancer activity and multi-target mechanism of action. Its unique molecular structure endows it with good biological activity and safety, demonstrating broad clinical application prospects.
In the future, based on systematic pharmacological research and modern drug development techniques, PSD is expected to break through existing treatment bottlenecks and become a new candidate drug for the treatment of colon cancer and other tumors. Continuous efforts in basic research and clinical translation will lay a solid foundation for the pharmacological process of PSD and promote the innovative development of natural products in the field of anti-tumor.
