| Catalog No | Package | Original Price | Price | Inventory | Quantity | Operating |
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| BP0518-20mg | 20mg | $30.00 | Sign in |
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Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
Dulcitol, also known as galactitol, is a naturally occurring optical non-reactive hexol compound with a racemic configuration. Its molecular formula is C6H14O6, with a molecular weight of 182.1720, classifying it as a polyhydroxy alcohol compound. Euonymol has been found in various organisms, and as a metabolite in mice, E. coli, and humans, it demonstrates its important role in biological metabolic networks. In recent years, with the continuous development of natural product pharmacology, Euonymol has attracted widespread attention due to its potential biological activity, especially its value in anti-inflammatory applications.
Anti-inflammatory responses are the core pathological processes in the occurrence and development of various diseases, involving complex signaling pathways and multiple molecular targets. Euonymol demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory activity by modulating key inflammation-related targets including IL-6, STAT3, CASP1, TRPV1, PTGS1, TNF, TRPA1, NOS2, PTGS2, and NFKB1, indicating its potential application value in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In addition, Eumatelo's good water solubility (350.1195 mg/mL) and low lipid solubility (LogP -2.6494) provide a foundation for its in vivo distribution and pharmacokinetic characteristics.
This paper aims to systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of Euonymol, plant origin and extraction methods, pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, druggability evaluation and pharmacokinetic characteristics, and to explore its clinical application prospects and development directions, aiming to provide theoretical basis and reference for subsequent research and drug development.
Euonymol is a hexantiol compound, structurally classified as a polyhydroxy alcohol, with the molecular formula C6H14O6. Its chemical structure features multiple hydroxyl groups attached to a six-carbon chain backbone, giving it high hydrophilicity and polarity. Euonymol has an internal racemic configuration, so it exhibits an inactive state in optical activity. Its CAS number is 608-66-2, and its molecular weight is 182.1720.
In terms of physicochemical properties, the LogP value of Euonymol was -2.6494, indicating low lipid solubility and excellent water solubility. The measured water solubility reached 350.1195 mg/mL, demonstrating good water solubility. Its extremely high polarity is also reflected in its topological pole surface area (TPSA) of 121.38 Ų, indicating that its molecular surface contains a large number of polar functional groups, which facilitates the formation of hydrogen bonds and other non-covalent interactions with biological macromolecules.
Eumegrasol has a lower blood-brain barrier penetration ability, limiting its direct application in central nervous system diseases but also reducing the risk of central side effects. In terms of safety, Euonym Alcohol did not show hERG channel inhibitory activity; the Ames test result was 0.6, indicating a low genotoxicity risk and a solid safety foundation.
Euonymol is widely found in various plants, especially in certain Celastaceae and other plant tissues rich in sugar alcohols. As a natural polyhydroxy alcohol, it is often used as a plant metabolite to participate in carbohydrate metabolism and osmotic regulation. Common plant sources include the leaves, rhizomes, and fruits of Euonymus species.
The extraction method mainly relies on its high water solubility, usually using water extraction combined with alcohol solvent separation. The specific steps include:
In recent years, modern green extraction technologies such as ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction have also been applied to the extraction of Euonymol, improving extraction efficiency and purity, and reducing solvent consumption and environmental pollution.
Research on the pharmacological activity of Eumegrasol mainly focuses on its anti-inflammatory effects. Inflammation is the body's defense response to harmful stimuli. Excessive or chronic inflammation is an important pathological basis for various diseases such as autoimmune diseases, metabolic syndromes, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumor development. Euonym alcohol regulates inflammatory responses through multiple targets and pathways, demonstrating good anti-inflammatory potential.
Experimental studies have shown that Eugene Celastol can significantly inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide synthase type 2 (NOS2), reducing the release of inflammatory mediators. It regulates key transcription factors such as the inflammatory signal transduction molecule STAT3 and nuclear factor κB (NFKB1), further suppressing the transcriptional activity of inflammatory genes.
Additionally, Euonymol regulates the inflammation-related ion channels TRPV1 and TRPA1, reducing neuroinflammation and pain responses. Its inhibition of caspase-1 (CASP1) helps block the activation of inflammasomes and reduces the maturation and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β.
Besides its anti-inflammatory effects, some studies suggest that Euonymol may help regulate oxidative stress responses, possessing certain antioxidant properties and protecting cells from free radical damage. Additionally, as a metabolite, Euonym alcohol may play an auxiliary role in energy metabolism and cellular osmotic regulation, but related research is still in its early stages.
The anti-inflammatory mechanism of Eurumsol involves multiple signaling pathways and multiple molecular targets, reflecting its multi-target regulation characteristics.
Euonymol reduces inflammatory responses by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. IL-6, as a classic pro-inflammatory factor, promotes the expression of inflammatory genes by activating the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Eumatellol inhibits the phosphorylation and activation of STAT3, blocks the transcription of downstream inflammatory genes, and weakens the inflammatory response.
CASP1 is a key enzyme for activating inflammasomes, catalyzing the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Euonymol inhibits CASP1, blocks the activation of inflammasomes, reduces the release of pro-inflammatory factors, and alleviates inflammatory damage.
TRPV1 and TRPA1 are important ion channels in inflammation and pain transmission. Euonymol regulates the activity of these two channels, alleviates neuroinflammation and related pain symptoms, and demonstrates both analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
Eumatol inhibits cyclooxygenase 1 (PTGS1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (PTGS2), reduces prostaglandin synthesis, and lowers levels of inflammatory mediators. Its inhibition of NOS2 reduces excessive nitric oxide production, preventing oxidative stress and inflammatory damage. NFKB1, as the core transcription factor in the inflammatory response, Euonymol blocks the expression of inflammatory genes by inhibiting its activation.
In summary, Euonym alcohol achieves comprehensive regulation of inflammatory responses through multi-target and multi-pathway synergistic effects, demonstrating its potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent.
The druggability evaluation of Euonymol indicates that it has certain potential for drug development. The molecular weight of 182.1720 is within the ideal range of Lipinski's criteria, and its extremely high water solubility (350.1195 mg/mL) is beneficial for the preparation and absorption of oral formulations. A negative LogP (-2.6494) indicates strong hydrophilicity but low lipid solubility, which may limit its cell membrane penetration and oral bioavailability.
The topological pole surface area (TPSA) of Euonymol is 121.38 Ų, indicating good polarity that facilitates binding to aqueous environments and target proteins, but may limit its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, which is consistent with its low blood-brain barrier penetration evaluation.
In terms of safety, Euthermosol did not show hERG channel inhibition, reducing the risk of cardiotoxicity. The Ames test result was 0.6, indicating a low genotoxicity risk and good safety.
Pharmacokinetic research is still insufficient, but based on its physicochemical properties, Euonymol may mainly be excreted by the kidneys, resulting in relatively high metabolic stability in the body. In the future, further research on in vivo absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) is needed to optimize administration routes and dosage form design.
As a natural polyhydroxy alcohol, Euonym alcohol shows broad application prospects in the treatment of inflammation-related diseases due to its multi-target anti-inflammatory effects. It can regulate various inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways, offering new therapeutic approaches for chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, metabolic diseases, and neuroinflammation.
The key to future clinical applications lies in deeply elucidating their pharmacological mechanisms, optimizing pharmacokinetic properties and dosage form design, and improving bioavailability and targeting. At the same time, systematic toxicological evaluations and preclinical safety studies should be conducted to lay the foundation for clinical trials.
In addition, the potential of Euonymol in combination therapy is worth noting. Its synergistic effects with other anti-inflammatory drugs or natural products may enhance efficacy, reduce adverse reactions, and expand its clinical applications.
Modern drug development technologies such as nanocarriers, drug modification, and targeted delivery can further enhance the efficacy and safety of Eumercisol, promoting its clinical application.
Euonym alcohol, as a naturally derived polyhydroxyhexol alcohol, has significant anti-inflammatory activity and good safety, demonstrating broad potential for drug development. By regulating inflammatory responses through multiple targets and pathways, it provides a new molecular basis for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. Although current research on its pharmacokinetics and clinical applications remains limited, with advances in natural product pharmacology and modern drug development technologies, Eugeneol is expected to become an important candidate for novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
Future research should focus on deeply elucidating its mechanism of action, optimizing drug properties, and conducting systematic preclinical evaluations to promote the clinical translation and application of Euonymol, contributing new natural drug resources to the field of anti-inflammatory therapy.
