Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP0923
Cas No.: 96850-30-5
Formula: C22H28O6
Mol Weight: 388.46
Botanical Source: Rabdosia eriocalyx
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Can be supplied from milligrams to grams.
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
Inquire for bulk scale.
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
Maocrystalline A (CAS number: 96850-30-5) is a natural product isolated from the leaves of the traditional Chinese medicine plant Rabdosia eriocalyx. As a type of diterpenoid compound with a unique chemical structure, Trichoderma lucidum has attracted widespread attention in the fields of pharmacology and natural product chemistry due to its significant anti-tumor activity. In recent years, as the incidence rate of cancer continues to rise, searching for efficient and low toxic anti-tumor drugs has become the focus of drug research and development. Mao'e Crystal A has shown great clinical potential due to its multi-target regulatory ability and good pharmacological parameters.
This article aims to provide a systematic review of the chemical structure and physicochemical properties, plant sources and extraction methods, pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, drug evaluation and pharmacokinetic characteristics of hairy calyx crystal nail. Combining current research progress, it explores its clinical application prospects and future development directions, providing theoretical basis and reference for the drug development of this natural product.
Maoye Crystal A is a diterpenoid compound with a complex cyclic skeleton, with a molecular formula of C22H28O6 and a molecular weight of 388.46. Its structure contains multiple oxidative functional groups and cyclic structures, endowing it with unique spatial configuration and biological activity. According to the latest structural analysis data, the hairy calyx crystal nail has high stereoselectivity and stability, which is of great significance for its binding with biomolecules.
In terms of physical and chemical properties, the LogP value of Mao Calyx Crystal A is 1.6172, indicating moderate lipid solubility, which is beneficial for its cell membrane penetration and in vivo distribution. Its polar surface area (TPSA) is 89.9 Å ², indicating that it has certain polar groups that facilitate interaction with target proteins. The low water solubility (0.0915 mg/mL) to some extent limits its oral bioavailability, but it is expected to be overcome through appropriate administration routes and formulation techniques. The high permeability of the blood-brain barrier indicates its potential application value in central nervous system diseases. Importantly, the hairy calyx crystal A does not exhibit hERG channel inhibitory activity and the Ames mutagenicity test result is negative, indicating its good safety and reducing the risk of cardiac and genetic toxicity.
The main source of the hairy calyx crystal nail is Rabdosia eriocalyx (hairy calyx), which is widely distributed in southern China and is an important member of the Chinese medicinal herb genus Zeeland. Rabdosia eriocalyx is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammation, tumor and infectious diseases. Its pharmacological activity is closely related to the rich diterpenoids in leaves.
The extraction of hairy calyx crystal nail is usually carried out using organic solvent extraction combined with column chromatography separation technology. The specific process includes: collecting fresh or dry Rabdosia eriocalyx leaves, crushing them, extracting them with methanol or ethanol, concentrating the extract, and separating and purifying them through silica gel column chromatography or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In recent years, green extraction techniques such as supercritical CO2 extraction and microwave-assisted extraction have also been applied to improve extraction efficiency and purity. In addition, the structural identification of the hairy calyx crystal nail mainly relies on modern analytical methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), and infrared spectroscopy (IR).
The pharmacological research of Mao Calyx Crystal A mainly focuses on its anti-tumor activity. In vitro cell experiments showed that calyx crystal nail had significant inhibitory effects on a variety of tumor cell lines, including breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. Its half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC_50) is generally in the low micromolar range, indicating strong cytotoxicity.
Animal model studies have further confirmed the anti-tumor effect of hairy calyx crystal nail. By inhibiting tumor growth, inducing tumor cell apoptosis, and blocking tumor angiogenesis, Mao Calyx Crystal A significantly prolonged the survival of tumor model animals. In addition, it has low toxicity to normal cells and exhibits good selectivity and safety.
In addition to its anti-tumor activity, Mao Calyx Crystal A also exhibits certain anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune regulatory effects. Research has shown that it can regulate the expression of inflammatory factors, reduce oxidative stress damage, enhance immune function, and provide theoretical support for its multi-target therapy.
The anti-tumor mechanism of Mao'e Crystal A involves multiple signaling pathways and key molecular targets, reflecting its multi-target synergistic effect. The main targets include:
In summary, Mao'e Crystal A exhibits a complex and effective anti-tumor mechanism by synergistically regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metabolism through multiple targets and pathways.
The pharmacological evaluation of Mao'e Crystal A shows that it has good potential for drug development. The molecular weight of 388.46 conforms to the ideal range of Lipinski rule, with a LogP of 1.6172, indicating moderate lipid solubility and favorable absorption and distribution in vivo. The TPSA is 89.9 Å ², indicating that its polarity is moderate, balancing solubility and membrane permeability.
The low water solubility (0.0915 mg/mL) is a major limiting factor for its medicinal properties, and its bioavailability needs to be improved through formulation modification or drug carrier technology. The crystal nail of Mao Calyx has high blood-brain barrier permeability, indicating its potential application in the treatment of central nervous system diseases.
In terms of safety, Mao Calyx Crystal A does not inhibit hERG channels, reducing the risk of cardiac toxicity; Ames test negative, indicating no significant genetic toxicity. These data provide a solid safety foundation for its clinical development.
Pharmacokinetic studies are still in the preliminary stage, and parameters such as in vivo metabolic pathways and half-life need further clarification. Preliminary animal experiments have shown that the oral absorption of Mao Calyx Crystal A is slow, and it is widely distributed in the body. Liver metabolism is the main clearance pathway. In the future, systematic pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies need to be conducted to optimize the dosing regimen.
As a multi-target anti-tumor natural product, Mao'e Crystal A has broad clinical application prospects. Its significant anti-tumor activity and good safety make it a powerful candidate for anti-cancer drug development. Especially in the treatment of common malignant tumors such as breast cancer and lung cancer, calyx crystal nail is expected to overcome the drug resistance of single target drugs by regulating multiple tumor related signal pathways.
In addition, the blood-brain barrier permeability of Mao'e Crystal A provides the possibility for its application in brain tumors and neurological diseases. In the future, nano drug carrier technology can be combined to enhance its targeting and bioavailability, and expand its indications.
However, the current clinical research on hairy calyx crystal nail is still relatively limited and lacks systematic clinical trial data. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen its pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and preclinical evaluation, conduct multi center clinical trials, and verify its efficacy and safety. Meanwhile, utilizing modern molecular biology and medicinal chemistry methods to optimize its structure, develop derivatives, and enhance activity and selectivity.
Overall, as a model of natural product drug development, Mao'e Crystal A has significant potential to become a new type of anti-tumor drug and deserves continuous in-depth research.
As a natural diterpenoid compound isolated from Rabdosia eriocalyx, Mao Calyx Crystal A has become a research hotspot in the field of natural product pharmacology due to its unique chemical structure and multi-target anti-tumor activity. Its good pharmacological parameters and safety have laid a solid foundation for clinical development. In the future, through in-depth analysis of its mechanism of action, optimization of pharmacokinetic characteristics, and clinical research, Mao'e Crystal A is expected to become an important new drug in the field of anti-tumor therapy, bringing new treatment options for cancer patients.
