| Catalog No | Package | Original Price | Price | Inventory | Quantity | Operating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BP4192-5mg | 5mg | $350.00 | Sign in |
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Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
105.8200
2.5008
2.4821
.0159
3.4292
18.7791
Low
86.7726
2.5874
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
0.6
Yes
No
No
No
With the continued rise of natural products in drug development, flavonoid compounds have become research hotspots due to their diverse bioactivity and good safety profile. 8-Hydroxy-3,5,6,7,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone (hereinafter referred to as 8-HMH), as a unique polymethoxyflavone, has attracted widespread attention in recent years due to its significant antioxidant activity and potential multi-target regulatory effects. This compound not only demonstrates excellent free radical scavenging ability in vitro, but also regulates several key enzymes and transcription factors related to oxidative stress, demonstrating promising pharmacological potential.
This paper systematically reviews the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of 8-HMH, its plant origin, and extraction methods, with a focus on its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action. It analyzes its pharmacokinetic characteristics combined with druggability parameters, and looks ahead to its potential and development direction in clinical applications, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and reference for in-depth research and drug development of this natural product.
8-HMH belongs to the flavonoid class of compounds, with a molecular formula of C23H26O9 and a molecular weight of 418.3980. Its structural feature is that on the flavonoid backbone, methoxy groups are replaced at positions 3, 5, 6, 7, 3', and 4', and a hydroxyl group is present at position 8. This polymethoxy modification gives it good lipid solubility (LogP=2.5008) and certain polarity (TPSA=105.82 Ų), giving it good cell membrane permeability.
In terms of physicochemical properties, 8-HMH has relatively low water solubility (0.0159 mg/mL), which is closely related to its polymethoxy structure, which limits its solubility in aqueous media. Its low blood-brain barrier permeability suggests that this compound is difficult to act on directly in the central nervous system. The hERG channel inhibition test was negative, indicating a low risk of cardiotoxicity. The Ames test result was 0.6, indicating that this compound has no significant mutagenicity and is relatively safe.
Overall, the structural characteristics of 8-HMH give it excellent lipophilusibility and stability, providing a molecular basis for its biological activity in vivo. However, its low water solubility and blood-brain barrier limitations in certain application areas require optimization of pharmaceutical formulations to overcome.
8-HMH is mainly found in various Chinese medicinal materials and plants, especially in the leaves and rhizomes of certain Rutaceae and Lamiaceae plants. Literature reports indicate that this compound has been detected in flavonoid-rich plants such as Scutellaria baicalensis, mint (Mentha spp.), and certain citrus peels.
The extraction method mostly uses organic solvent extraction combined with column chromatography for separation. Common extraction solvents include methanol, ethanol, and their aqueous solutions. Thanks to their high lipid solubility, they can effectively dissolve and enrich these compounds. The general withdrawal process includes:
In recent years, green and efficient technologies such as supercritical CO2 extraction and microwave-assisted extraction have gradually been applied to the extraction of these flavonoids, improving extraction efficiency and reducing the use of organic solvents.
The antioxidant effect of 8-HMH is one of its most significant biological activities. In vitro experiments have shown that this compound can effectively scavenge various free radicals, including DPPH radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anions, demonstrating strong free radical scavenging ability. Its antioxidant activity is superior to that of some monomethoxyflavones, showing that polymethoxy modifications enhance its activity.
Cell-level studies have shown that 8-HMH can significantly enhance the activity of intracellular antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD1, SOD2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), thereby alleviating oxidative stress damage. Additionally, 8-HMH can induce the expression of hemoglobin oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), further enhancing the cell's antioxidant defense capacity.
Although there is currently limited research on the anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects of 8-HMH, preliminary data indicate that it exerts certain anti-inflammatory effects by regulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP3) activity, inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators. In tumor models, 8-HMH can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration by regulating oxidative stress-related signaling pathways, suggesting its potential anti-tumor application value.
Given the antioxidant properties of 8-HMH, its application in neuroprotection has also attracted attention. Although its blood-brain barrier permeability is relatively low, it is still expected to exert some neuroprotective effects by regulating the oxidative stress state of the peripheral nervous system. Related in vitro neuronal model studies show that 8-HMH can alleviate oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and promote neuronal survival.
The mechanism of action of 8-HMH mainly revolves around its regulation of oxidative stress-related signaling pathways and key targets. Its targets include:
Additionally, 8-HMH may influence cell signal transduction and gene expression by regulating intracellular red oxygen balance, exerting multi-target synergistic effects and reflecting its complex pharmacological network.
According to existing data, the druggability of 8-HMH shows certain advantages and challenges:
In terms of pharmacokinetics, although systematic studies are few, it is speculated that its high lipophilic solubility benefits intestinal absorption, but its low water solubility and high polarity may lead to a significant first-pass effect and limited bioavailability. Metabolic pathways may involve hepatic methoxy demethylation and hydroxylation, producing active or inactive metabolites. In the future, in vivo pharmacokinetic studies are needed to clarify its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics.
With its remarkable antioxidant activity and multi-target regulatory capabilities, 8-HMH shows broad application prospects in various diseases related to oxidative stress:
Future research should focus on breaking through their low water solubility and limitations in blood-brain barrier permeability, optimizing drug delivery routes and formulation forms, and conducting systematic in vivo pharmacodynamics and safety evaluations to lay the foundation for clinical translation.
8-Hydroxy-3,5,6,7,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone, as a structurally unique polymethoxyflavone, demonstrates significant value in the field of natural product pharmacology due to its remarkable antioxidant activity and multi-target regulatory capacity. Its excellent safety and druggability parameters provide favorable conditions for further drug development. However, low water solubility and blood-brain barrier permeability limit some of its applications, which must be overcome through modern pharmaceutical formulation technologies and structural optimization.
In the future, combined with in-depth molecular mechanism analysis and preclinical efficacy safety evaluation, 8-HMH is expected to become a promising drug in multiple fields such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties, promoting the application and development of natural flavonoid compounds in modern medicine.
