Product name: Isoolivil
Synonym name: Cycloolivil
Catalogue No.: SBP02993
Cas No.: 3064-05-9
Formula: C20H24O7
Mol Weight: 376.405
Botanical Source:
Physical Description:
Type of Compound: Lignans
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
HPLC of Isoolivil
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
127.3400
2.0000
No
No
No
Unknown
Unknown
No
Unknown
No
Isoolivil (CAS No.: 3064-05-9) is an important natural lignophenol compound widely found in various plants. As a plant secondary metabolite, lignophenols have attracted significant attention in the field of natural product pharmacology in recent years due to their diverse biological activities and potential medicinal value. As a representative of cyclo-olive lignans, isooleuropein exhibits significant multiple pharmacological effects including neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, and cardiovascular protection. This paper will systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of isoolivine resin, plant origin, and extraction methods, focusing on analyzing its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, evaluating its druggability and pharmacokinetic characteristics, and looking ahead to its clinical application potential, aiming to provide theoretical basis and scientific guidance for further research and development of this natural product.
Isoolivine resin belongs to the lignophenol class of compounds with a molecular formula of C20H24O7 and a molecular weight of 376.40. Its structural feature is a typical diphenylpropane backbone, containing multiple phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy substituents, giving it strong antioxidant capacity. Its LogP value is about 2.0, indicating moderate lipid solubility that facilitates cell membrane penetration, but its high polar surface area (TPSA=127.34 Ų) and the number of seven hydrogen bond receptors limit its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. The physicochemical properties of isooleuropein have certain limitations in its distribution in the body, but it may also reduce the risk of toxic side effects in the central nervous system.
Isooleuropein is mainly found in olive family plants, especially in the resin and xylem of olive trees (Olea europaea) and its related genera. Traditional extraction methods mostly use solvent extraction combined with column chromatography separation, with commonly used solvents including methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate. In recent years, the application of ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction technologies has significantly improved the extraction efficiency and purity of isooleuropein. During extraction, controlling temperature and pH is crucial for maintaining structural stability and biological activity. In addition, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology is widely used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of isoolivine resin, providing reliable means for its quality control.
Research on isooliptolin in neuroprotection shows it can regulate various targets associated with neurodegenerative diseases, including anti-apoptotic protein BCL2, amyloid precursor protein (APP), β-secretase BACE1, microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), deacetylase SIRT1, mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK1, acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), caspase CASP3, α-synuclein SNCA, and antioxidant transcription factor NRF2. By modulating these targets, isoolitablast can alleviate oxidative stress, inhibit neuroinflammation, and decrease neuronal apoptosis, thereby demonstrating significant neuroprotective effects in models of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
The therapeutic potential of isoolivine resin for inflammatory diseases mainly lies in its inhibitory effects on key inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2), nuclear factor κB (NFKB1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL6), and induced nitric oxide synthase (NOS2). Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that isooliptolin can significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors, inhibit activation of inflammatory signaling pathways, alleviate inflammatory responses, and has potential antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.
In cancer treatment, isooleuropein exerts antiproliferation, pro-apoptosis, and suppression of tumor invasion and metastasis by regulating key molecules such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA), BCL2, and tumor suppressor protein p53 (TP53). Multiple tumor cell line experiments have shown that isooleuropein can induce cell cycle arrest, activate apoptosis pathways, inhibit tumor-related signaling pathways, and demonstrate good anti-tumor activity.
The mechanism of isooleuropein in diabetes treatment mainly involves targets such as insulin receptor (INSR), glucose transporter 4 (SLC2A4), AMP-activated protein kinase (PRKAA1), and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTPN1). By enhancing insulin signaling, promoting glucose uptake and metabolism, and activating energy metabolism regulatory pathways, isoolitagonin helps improve insulin resistance, regulate blood sugar levels, and exhibits potential hypoglycemic effects.
The protective effect of isoolide on the cardiovascular system is mainly achieved by regulating targets such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), calcanin (CACNA1C), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3), and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). It can dilate blood vessels, improve hemodynamics, lower blood pressure, inhibit the progression of atherosclerosis, reduce myocardial damage, and possess significant cardiovascular protective potential.
The multi-target mechanism of isooleuropein forms the basis of its broad pharmacological activity. In terms of neuroprotection, isooleuropein enhances antioxidant defenses by activating the NRF2 signaling pathway, inhibiting CASP3-mediated apoptosis, and regulating the BCL2 family protein to maintain cell survival. Its inhibitory effect on APP and BACE1 helps reduce β-amyloid protein production and slow the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease.
The anti-inflammatory mechanism mainly involves blocking the NFKB signaling pathway, reducing the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF and IL6, inhibiting the expression of PTGS2 and NOS2, and alleviating inflammatory responses. The antitumor mechanism regulates cyclin and apoptosis-related proteins by blocking the EGFR-MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.
In the field of diabetes, isooleuropein promotes glucose metabolism and lipid oxidation by activating the AMPK pathway, while inhibiting PTPN1, enhancing insulin signaling and improving insulin sensitivity. Cardiovascular protection depends on its inhibition of ACE, reducing vasoconstriction, activating NOS3 to promote nitric oxide production, improving vascular endothelial function, lowering blood lipid levels, and preventing arteriosclerosis.
The molecular weight and LogP value of isoolithine fall within the ideal range for drug design, demonstrating good cell membrane permeability. However, its relatively high polar surface area and number of hydrogen bond receptors limit its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, suggesting that its nervous system effects may primarily be achieved via peripheral routes or local drug administration. Currently, research on its hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and hERG channel inhibition is still lacking, and further systematic evaluation of its safety is needed.
In terms of pharmacokinetics, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics of isooleuropein have not been fully elucidated. Preliminary studies suggest its oral bioavailability is limited and may be reduced due to first-pass effects and metabolic enzyme effects. In the future, it is necessary to enhance the analysis of its metabolic pathways in vivo, optimize administration methods and formulation design, and enhance its clinical application potential.
Given the significant pharmacological activity of isoolitasterin in various disease models, it holds great potential as a novel natural drug candidate molecule. Especially in the fields of neurodegenerative diseases, chronic inflammation, tumors, and metabolic diseases, isooleuropein is expected to become an important component of multi-target therapeutic strategies.
Future research should focus on in-depth analysis of its mechanism of action, systematic evaluation of pharmacokinetics and toxicology, and validation of preclinical animal models. Moreover, the development of chemical modifications and drug carrier systems based on their structural characteristics will help overcome limitations in bioavailability and targeting, enhancing their clinical translational value. Multidisciplinary collaboration will drive the shift from isoolitagonin to clinical applications in laboratory research.
As a natural lignol with multiple biological activities, isoolivine phosphorus demonstrates broad pharmacological potential, covering neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, and cardiovascular protection. Its multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms offer new ideas for comprehensive treatment of complex diseases. Although its druggability and pharmacokinetic characteristics still require further study, with the development of modern natural drug research technologies, isooleuropein is expected to become an important candidate for future natural drug development. Systematic and in-depth research will lay a solid foundation for its clinical application, promoting its practical use in disease prevention and treatment.
