1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Pinellia ternata in Qing Dynasty This product is processed from Pinellia ternata.
[preparation method] take Pinellia ternata, separate its size, soak it in 8% alum solution until there is no dry heart inside, and it tastes slightly numb. Take it out, wash it, cut it into thick pieces, and dry it.
20kg of alum is used for every 100kg of pure Pinellia ternata.
[properties] the product is oval, quasi round or irregular. The cut surface is light gray to gray white, gray white punctate or short linear vascular bundle traces can be seen, and some residual emboli show light purplish red stripes below. It is brittle and easy to break, and the cross section is slightly horny. .
[identification] according to the [identification] test under Pinellia ternata, the same results are shown.
[inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 13,0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
The total ash content shall not exceed 4.0% (general rule 2302).
Take about 5g of alum powder (passing through No. 4 screen) in a limited amount, weigh it accurately, put it in a crucible, slowly heat it, when it is completely carbonized, gradually increase the temperature to 450 ℃, ashing for 4 hours, take it out, cool it, carefully add about 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid into the crucible, cover the crucible with a watch glass, heat it on a water bath for 10 minutes, wash the watch glass with 5ml of hot water, incorporate the washing solution into the crucible, filter it, wash the crucible and filter residue with 50ml of water, combine the filtrate and washing solution, add 1 drop of 0.025% methyl red ethanol solution, and drop ammonia test solution until the solution is slightly yellow. Add 20ml of acetic acid ammonium acetate buffer (pH6.0), precisely add 25ml of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid titrant (0.05mol/l), boil for 3-5 minutes, cool, add 1ml of xylenol orange indicator solution, titrate with zinc titrant (0.05mol/l) until the solution turns from yellow to red, and correct the titration result with blank test. Every 1ml of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate titrant (0.05mol/l) is equivalent to 23.72mg of potassium aluminum sulfate [Kal (SO4) 2 • 12H2O] in water.
This product is calculated as dry product, and the alum content shall not exceed 10.0% based on aqueous potassium aluminum sulfate [Kal (SO4) 2 • 12H2O].
[extract] determined according to the cold leaching method under the determination method of water-soluble extract (general rule 2201), it shall not be less than 7.0%.
[content determination] take about 5g of this product powder (passing through No. 4 screen), weigh it accurately, and determine it according to the method of Pinellia ternata [content determination].
This product is calculated as dry product, and the total acid content is calculated as succinic acid (C4H6O4), which shall not be less than 0.30%.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, warm. Return to spleen, stomach and lung meridians.
[functions and indications] drying dampness and resolving phlegm. It is used for wet sputum cough, fullness of epigastric fullness, condensation of sputum and saliva, and coughing up.
[usage and dosage] 3 ~ 9g.
[note] it should not be used with Aconitum carmichaeli, Radix Aconiti carmichaeli, Radix Aconiti carmichaeli and aconite.
[storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moths.

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Amino acids:threonine; Inorganic elements: iron, aluminum, calcium, etc; Fatty acids: stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, etc; Others: Pinellia starch, alkaloids, pungent substances, pinellia trypsin inhibitor, pinellia protein, glycosides, phenols, lactones, steroids, choline, etc.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Pinellia ternata

1. antitussive effect: the decoction of raw Pinellia ternata, ginger Pinellia ternata, ginger soaked Pinellia ternata and alum Pinellia ternata, 0.6-1g/kgig or IV, has obvious antitussive effect on the cough caused by iodine solution injected into the chest or electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve in cats, and can maintain for more than 5 hours. The antitussive effect of 0.6g/kg is close to that of codeine lmg/kg.

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3. antiemetic and emetic effects: various preparations prepared by heating Pinellia ternata or adding alum and ginger juice have certain antiemetic effects on vomiting caused by dehydrated morphine, digitalis and copper sulfate. .