1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Inula
This product is the dried head of Inula japonica thunb. or Inula britannica L., a composite plant. The flowers are harvested when they are in bloom in summer and autumn, removed impurities, and dried in the shade or in the sun.
[character] the product is oblate or quasi spherical, with a diameter of 1 ~ 2cm. The involucral bract is composed of many bracts, arranged in a tile like manner, and the bracts are lanceolate or strip-shaped, grayish yellow, 4 ~ 11mm long; the involucral bract base sometimes has residual pedicels, the bracts and pedicels are covered with white hairs on the surface, and the tongue flowers are 1 row, yellow, about 1cm long, curly, often falling off, and the apex is 3-toothed; Most tubular flowers are brownish yellow, about 5mm long, and the apex is 5-toothed; There are many white crown hairs at the top of ovary, which are 5-6mm long. Some small oval achenes can be seen. It is light and easy to break. The breath is slight, and the taste is slightly bitter.
[identification] (1) the appearance of this product: bracts have 1-8 cells of non glandular hairs, the base of multicellular ones is expanded, and the apical cells are very long; The inner bracts have 2-3 cells of non glandular hairs. The crown hairs are multilayered non glandular hairs with marginal cells protruding slightly outward. ; The ovary is non glandular hair with two rows, one row is single-cell, and the other row is usually 2-cell, 90-220 μ m long. Bracts and corolla glandular hairs are mallet shaped, the head is multicellular and arranged in two rows, surrounded by horny capsules, and the handle is multicellular and arranged in two rows. The pollen grains are spherical in shape, 22-33 μ m in diameter, spiny on the outer wall, about 3 μ m in length, and have three germination pores.
(2) Take 2G of this product powder, put it into a corked conical flask, add 30ml of petroleum ether (60 ～ 90 ℃), close the stopper, soak it cold for 1 hour, heat it and reflux for 30 minutes, cool it, filter it, concentrate the filtrate to nearly dry, add 2ml of petroleum ether (60 ～ 90 ℃) to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. Another 2G of Inula control medicinal material was taken, and the control medicinal material solution was prepared by the same method. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 μ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use petroleum ether (60 ~ 90 ℃) _ethyl acetate (5:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, air dry, spray 5% vanillin sulfuric acid solution, heat until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the main spot with the same color appears at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
Decoction pieces
[processing] Inula flowers remove stems, leaves and impurities.
[character] [identification] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
Remove the Flos Inula with honey and stir fry it according to the honey roasting method (general rule 0213) until it is not sticky.
This product is shaped like Inula, dark yellow. Hand twist is slightly sticky. It has honey aroma and sweet taste.
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the determination method of alcohol soluble extract (general rule 2201), the use of ethanol as solvent shall not be less than 16.0%.
[identification] the same as medicinal materials.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] bitter, pungent, salty, mild. It belongs to lung, spleen, stomach and large intestine.
[functions and indications] it can reduce Qi, eliminate phlegm, move water, and stop vomiting. .
.
[storage] keep dry and damp proof.

2、 Chemical constituents of Inula

Sesquiterpene lactones are found in the aerial parts of the flowering period of Helianthus dahliaeBig flowerInula spiraliselementandInula spiraliselement. flower containsquercetin 、Isoquercetin、caffeic acid、chlorogenic acid, inulin andDandelion sterolAnd other sterols. Flower containsDandelion sterol; the above ground part is separatedInulinAnd deacetylated inulin.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Inula

1. antiasthmatic and antitussive effects:ConvolvulusFlavone has a significant protective effect on histamine induced bronchospasm asthma in guinea pigs, and also has an antagonistic effect on histamine induced tracheal spasm in guinea pigs in vitro, but the effect is slower and weaker than that of aminophylline. The experiments of ammonia spray and phenol red excretion in mice showed that,ConvolvulusFlavonoids have no antitussive and expectorant effects. .

2. antibacterial effect: plate paper method or trenching method test, 1:1 ConvolvulusThe decoction has obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis and Shigella flexneri IIA strains.

3. insecticidal effect: 0.24-7.8 μ g/ml ofConvolvulus.