1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of lotus leaf
This product is the dried leaves of Nelumbo nucifera gaertn., a plant of the water lily family. .
[properties] the product is semi-circular or folded fan-shaped, and after unfolding, it is quasi circular, full or slightly wavy, with a diameter of 20-50cm. The upper surface is dark green or yellowish green, and is rough; The lower surface is light grayish brown, relatively smooth, with 21 ~ 22 thick veins, shooting out from the center to all around; . It is brittle and easy to break. It has a slightly clear aroma and a slightly bitter taste.
[identification] the powder of this product is grayish green. The surface of the upper epidermal cells is polygonal, with papillary or short villous processes on the outer wall, which are double circles; The section is rectangular, and the outer wall is papillary; . On the surface of the lower epidermal cells, the peripheral wall is slightly wavy and sometimes Beaded thickening can be seen. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are common, with a diameter of about 40 μ M.
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The total ash content shall not exceed 12.0% (general rule 2302).
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), 70% ethanol shall be used as solvent, which shall not be less than 10.0%.
[content determination] determine according to high performance liquid chromatography (general rule 0512).
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; ; The detection wavelength is 270nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 2000 according to the nuciferine peak.
Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of lotus leaf base reference, weigh accurately, add methanol to make a solution containing 16 μ g per 1ml.
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The determination method is to precisely suck 2 μ l each of the reference solution and the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
According to the calculation of dry product, the content of nuciferine (c19h21no2) shall not be less than 0.10%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] spray lotus leaves with water, slightly moisten, shred and dry.
. The upper surface is dark green or yellowish green and rough; The lower surface is light grayish brown, relatively smooth, and the leaf veins are obviously protruding. It is brittle and easy to break. It has a slightly clear aroma and a slightly bitter taste.
[content determination] the content of nuciferine (c19h21no2) in the same medicinal material shall not be less than 0.070%.
[identification], [inspection], [extract] are the same as that of medicinal materials.
Lotus leaf charcoal take the pure lotus leaf and calcine it into charcoal according to the charcoal calcining method (general rule 0213).
This product is irregular in shape, with brown or dark brown surface. The smell is burnt and the taste is astringent.
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[functions and indications] clear away heat and damp, promote Yang, cool blood and stop bleeding. It is used for summer fever and thirst, diarrhea due to heat dampness, diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, vomiting due to blood heat, hematochezia and metrorrhagia. Lotus leaf charcoal astringents, dissipates blood stasis and stops bleeding. For haemorrhage and postpartum haemorrhage.
[usage and dosage] 3-10g; lotus leaf charcoal 3-6g.
[storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moths.

2、

cycasin Liensinine、Nuciferine, protonuchine, Americano papaverine, prenuciferineN-nornuciferine、 quercetin 、Isoquercitrin, lotus glycoside, tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid, gluconic acid, oxalic acidSuccinic acid, tannin. It also contains anti mitotic alkaline ingredients.

3、 Pharmacological action of lotus leaf

1. reduce blood lipids
Nuciferine is an alkaloid extracted from lotus leaves. Nuciferine can dilate blood vessels, clear away heat and relieve summer heat, and has the effect of lowering blood pressure.

2. prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease
Lotus leaf is a food for both medicine and food. It is rich in flavonoids, which are scavengers of most oxygen free radicals. They can improve the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase), reduce the production of MDA (lipid peroxide malondialdehyde) and 0x-ldl (oxidized low density lipoprotein). It can increase coronary flow and have an antagonistic effect on experimental myocardial infarction; It has a protective effect on acute myocardial ischemia; It has significant effect on treating coronary heart disease and hypertension; It also plays an important role in reducing diastolic blood pressure, preventing arrhythmia and cardiovascular disease.

3. lose weight
Alkaloids in lotus leaves have hypolipidemic effects and are commonly used in the treatment of obesity in clinic. .