1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Shegan
This product is the dried rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) dc., a plant of Iridaceae. .
[properties] the product is irregular nodular, 3-10cm long and 1-2cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish brown, tan or dark brown, wrinkled, and has dense ring lines. There are several disc-shaped concave stem scars on it, and occasionally the stem base remains; There are residual fine roots and root marks below. . It tastes bitter and pungent.
[identification] (1) cross section of this product: sometimes the epidermis remains. Cork cells are multilayered. Cortex rare leaf trace vascular bundle; . The vascular bundles of the middle column are peripheric and outer tough, which are closely arranged on the outside. The parenchyma contains calcium oxalate columnar crystals, starch granules and oil droplets. Powder orange yellow. Calcium oxalate has many prismatic crystals, most of which have been broken. The intact ones are 49 ～ 240 (315) μ m in length and about 49 μ m in diameter. The starch granules were round or oval in shape, with a diameter of 2-17 μ m, and were punctate in umbilicus; The compound particles are very few and consist of 2-5 particles. The parenchymal cells are round or oval in shape, with slightly thicker walls or bead like thickening, and single striated pores. .
(2) Take 1g of this product powder, add 10ml of methanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, and concentrate the filtrate to 1.5ml as the test solution. Another 1g of Belamcanda reference medicinal material was taken, and the control medicinal material solution was prepared by the same method. According to the test of thin layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 1 μ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same polyamide film, use chloroform butanone methanol (3:1:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray aluminum trichloride test solution, and inspect under the ultraviolet light (365nm). .
[inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 10.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
The total ash content shall not exceed 7.0% (general rule 2302).
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the determination method of alcohol soluble extract (general rule 2201), the use of ethanol as solvent shall not be less than 18.0%.
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Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was methanol-0.2% phosphoric acid solution (53:47); The detection wavelength was 266nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 8000 according to the secondary iris flavin peak.
Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of irisin reference substance, weigh accurately, and add methanol to make a solution containing 10 μ g per 1ml.
Preparation of the test solution take about 0.1g of the powder (passing the No. 4 screen), accurately weigh it, place it in a corked conical flask, precisely add 25ml of methanol, weigh it, heat and reflux for 1 hour, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with methanol, shake it well, filter it, and take the continuous filter solution.
Determination method precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 ~ 20 μ l of the test solution into the liquid chromatograph for determination.
According to the dry product, the content of irisin (c20h18o8) in this product shall not be less than 0.10%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] remove impurities, wash, moisten, slice, and dry.
The product is in irregular or long strip shape. The outer skin is yellowish brown, tan or dark brown, wrinkled, and residual fibrous roots and fibrous root scars can be seen, some of which can be seen as ring patterns. The cut surface is light yellow or bright yellow, with scattered muscle vein dots or veins, and some can see ring patterns. It tastes bitter and pungent.
[identification] (except for the transverse section) [inspection] [extract] [content determination] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
. Return to lung meridian.
[functions and indications] it can clear away heat, detoxify, eliminate phlegm, and promote swallowing. It is used for heat toxin, phlegm and fire stagnation, sore throat, excessive phlegm and saliva, cough and asthma.
[usage and dosage] 3 ～ 10g.
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2、 Chemical constituents of Belamcanda chinensis

Roots and rhizomes contain isoflavones:Irisin，Irisin，Belamcandin, Belamcanda isoflavones, irisin methyl Nepal, irisin neoaglycone a,Irisin Ono，Irisin, 5-noririsin, etc. It also contains belamcandone. Tea Huaning isVanillin ethyl ketone, belamcandal, 28 deacetyl belamcandal, isogermanic aldehyde, 16-o-acetylisogermanic aldehyde, dextral (6R, 10s, 11S, 14s, 26r) - 26 hydroxy-15-methylene iris-16-enal, and methyl myristate, methyl palmitate, and methyl stearate of isogermanic aldehyde, 28 deacetylaldehyde belamcandal, and (6R, 10s, 11S, 14s, 26r) - 26 hydroxy-15-methylene spiro-16-enal. The seeds contain belamcandol abelamcandol B， Belamcanda quinone aBelamcanda quinoneB， 1- (2-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy) phenyl-10-pentadecene, 1- (3-hydroxy-5-methoxy) phenyl-10-pentadecene. Both flowers and leaves containMangiferin。

3、 Pharmacological action of Belamcanda chinensis

1. anti inflammatory and antipyretic effect: 1.1. effect on capillary permeability: Belamcanda 70% ethanol extract (1:1) was given to mice by gavage at 22g/kg, and 20 μ l of 0.5% Evans blue normal saline solution was injected into tail vein one hour later. After treatment according to conventional methods, capillary permeability was observed, P < 0.01 compared with the control group.

1.2. effect on the inflammatory effect of croton oil: mice were gavaged with 22g/kg alcohol extract, and 4% croton oil 0.03ml was dripped into the left ear of each mouse at the same time. After 4 hours, samples were taken and weighed. The results were 16.43 ± 3.20 compared with the control group (19.30 ± 1.64mg, x ± s) (P < 0.05).

1.3. effect on hyaluronidase induced edema of feet in rats: rats were gavaged with alcohol extract (1:1) 13g/kg, once a day, for 3 consecutive days, and then repeated once 30 minutes after the last administration, and then injected subcutaneously with 500 μ /ml hyaluronidase solution 0.1ml/ rat at 30 minutes intervals in the right hind foot, and the paw volume of each rat was measured once with the drainage method. The results showed that it had obvious inhibitory effect at 0.5, 1.0, 3.5 hours after inflammation.

1.4 for formaldehyde induced foot swelling in rats and cotton ball granuloma in rats, the dose of 13g/kg can significantly promote the regression of formaldehyde induced foot swelling in rats and significantly (P < 0.05) inhibit the proliferation of cotton ball granulation tissue.

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2. antiviral effect: 10% Shegan solution can inhibit 8 hemagglutinating units of A1 Beijing anti-86-1 (type a 1) influenza virus in vitro.

3. other effects: irisin contained in this product has obvious diuretic effect when injected subcutaneously into rabbits at 25mg/kg. In vitro, it has inhibitory effect on human cervical cancer cell line jtc-26, and the inhibition rate is more than 90%.