1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Sasa seed
This product is the dried and mature seeds of Aesculus chinensis bge., Aesculus chinensis bge.var.chekiangensis (Hu etfang) Fang or Aesculus wilsonii rehd., a plant of the Aesculus family. Harvest the fruits when they are ripe in autumn, remove the peel, and dry them in the sun at the lowest temperature.
[properties] the product is oblate or quasi spherical, like chestnut, with a diameter of 1.5 ~ 4cm. The surface is brown or tan, wrinkled, uneven, and slightly shiny; ; On one side, there is a protruding seed ridge, some of which are not very obvious. The seed coat is hard and brittle, cotyledons 2, plump, hard, shaped like chestnut kernel, yellowish white or light brown, powdery. The breath is slight, and the taste is bitter first and then sweet.
. The outer epidermal cells of the seed coat are yellowish brown, and the surface is polygonal, with slightly uneven thickening of the wall and slightly protruding corners. The cells of the seed coat are oval, quasi round or quasi rectangular, and the wall is slightly thicker. The branch cells of seed coat are large and often overlap in many layers; The branching cells are polygonal or irregular, and the branches are of different lengths, and some of them can see the pit domain. There are many starch grains, single grain is oblong or quasi circular, with a diameter of 2-38 μ m, and the umbilicus can be seen; Compound granules are composed of 2-3 fractions.
(2) Take this product and test according to the method under [content determination]. The four principal component peaks in the chromatogram of the reference substance are aescin a, aescin B, aescin C and aescin D in the order before and after the peak. The chromatogram of the test substance should show the same retention time as the four main peaks of the sodium aescinate reference substance.
[inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 13.0% (the second method of general rule 0832)
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Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid solution (36:64); .
Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of sodium aescinate reference substance (the content of aescin a has been marked), weigh accurately, add methanol to make a solution containing 1mg per 1ml.
Preparation of test solution take about 1g of powder (passing through No. 3 screen), weigh accurately, place in Soxhlet extractor, add diethyl ether, heat and reflux for 1 hour, discard the diethyl ether solution, volatilize the solvent with the drug residue and filter paper cylinder, place in a corked conical flask, add 50ml of methanol precisely, weigh the weight, sonicate (power 250W, frequency 33khz) for 30 minutes, cool, weigh again, use methanol to make up the lost weight, shake well, filter, accurately measure 25ml of the secondary filtrate, place in an evaporating dish, concentrate to an appropriate amount on a 40 ℃ water bath, transfer to a 10ml volumetric flask, and add methanol to dilute release to the scale, shake well, filter, and take the continuous filtrate.
The determination method is to precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine them. Calculate the peak area of the corresponding peak at the position of aescin a in the reference solution.
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Decoction pieces
[processing] remove the shell and impurities. Break with time.
[identification] [content determination] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] sweet, warm. Return to liver and stomach channels.
[functions and indications] soothe the liver and regulate qi, and relieve pain in the stomach. .
[usage and dosage] 3 ~ 9g.
[storage] put it in a dry place to prevent mold and moth.

2、 Chemical constituents of Sasa

Aesculus seed contains 31.8% fatty oil, 36% starch, 14.7% fiber and 1.1% crude protein. Fatty oil is mainly glycerides of oleic acid and stearic acid. Barringtogenol C, aesci Genin, Aesculus tuberata b1ProtoaescinAnd 16 deoxycalycol C. The main components are oleic acid and glyceryl stearate, and starch, crude fibrin andAescin(aescin) et al.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Sasa seed

1. anti inflammatory effect: aescin powder has an effect on edema of rat paws caused by inflammatory substances such as: staghorn, dextran, acetic acid, egg protein, etc.;the effect of aescin powder on the edema of rat paws caused by inflammatory substances such as: water, water, etc.The effect of aescin powder on the edema of rat paws caused by water, water; Erythema caused by ultraviolet radiation; The leakage of pigment in the abdominal cavity caused by acetic acid, protein exudation and white blood cell migration caused by inflammatory cysts caused by carboxymethyl cellulose, and granuloma caused by formalin filter paper method have obvious inhibitory effects. The total saponins from the seeds of Sasa chinensis have anti acute decompression and hypoxia effects in mice through different routes of administration. That is to say, epinephrine still has a strong anti hypoxic effect under the condition of reduced decompression and hypoxia tolerance in mice caused by epinephrine. Intraperitoneal injection or oral administration of total saponins can significantly improve the inflammatory exudation of mice 'ears caused by xylene, and its inhibition rate is 87.5% by intraperitoneal injection and 84.7% by oral administration. It is suggested that the total saponins of semen Sasae have anti-inflammatory effect. It has also been reported that saponins from the seeds of Sasa chinensis have the effects of anti protein swelling, anti acute exudation, and reducing capillary permeability. According to the experiment on the effect of egg white arthritis in rats, the dose of Sasa soap 5mg/kg can inhibit egg white arthritis in rats within 2-6 hours (P < 0.01), which is basically the same as the anti swelling effect of hydrocortisone 20mg/kg. Sasa saponin can increase the weight of adrenal gland and atrophic thymus of rats, and significantly reduce the vitamin C content in adrenal gland of rats after a single administration, so its anti-inflammatory effect may be related to adrenal cortex.

2. detumescence effect: aescin has a protective effect on brain edema induced by triethyl stannous sulfate in rats. Saponin can inhibit edema caused by heat injury in rats; It can significantly reduce the edema and water sodium retention caused by ligation of both sides of the external jugular vein, and can also inhibit the increase of capillary permeability caused by chloroform in rabbits. Intravenous injection of aescin can prevent the vasodilation caused by subcutaneous injection of histamine hydrochloride in rats. .

3. corticosterone promoting effect: intraperitoneal injection of b-aescin 5mg/kg in rats can significantly increase the corticosterone and blood glucose in plasma. B-aescin can cause the secretion of ACTH, which leads to the synthesis of corticosterone and the secretion from adrenal gland and the increase of corticosterone.