1、
This product is the dried and mature fruit of Canarium album raeusch., a plant of olive family. The fruits are harvested when they are ripe in autumn and dried.
[properties] the product is spindle shaped, with blunt ends, 2.5-4cm long and 1-1.5cm in diameter. The surface is brownish yellow or dark brown, with irregular wrinkles. . Fruit stone fusiform, dark reddish brown, longitudinally ribbed; It is divided into 3 chambers with 1 seed each. The air is weak, the flesh tastes astringent, and the long chewing is slightly sweet.
[identification] (1) cross section of the pericarp of this product: the epicarp is 1-3 rows of thick walled cells, containing yellowish brown substance and covered with cuticle. Mesocarp has more than 10 rows of parenchymal cells with scattered vascular bundles, and oil chambers are mostly scattered on the outside of vascular bundles. The endocarp is lined with stone cells. Parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate clusters and square crystals.
The powder of this product is brownish yellow. . The parenchyma cells were irregular or quasi round, with uneven thickening of the wall, containing or scattered calcium oxalate clusters and square crystals. Stone cells are more common, which are closely arranged or scattered by several, spindle shaped, quasi rectangular or irregular, with thick wall, fine pore groove, and some pits are obvious. The conduit is mostly threaded.
(2) Take 1g of this product powder, add 10ml of ethanol for ultrasonic treatment for 20 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 1ml of ethanol to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. . Then take gallic acid reference substance and add ethanol to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml as the reference substance solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 2 μ l of each of the above three solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use cyclohexane ethyl acetate formic acid (8:6:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and spray 2% ferric chloride ethanol solution. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample.
[inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 12.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
The total ash content shall not exceed 6.0% (general rule 2302).
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, it shall not be less than 30.0%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] remove impurities, rinse and dry. Break with time.
[character], [identification], [extract] are the same as medicinal materials.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] sweet, sour and flat. Return to lung and stomach channels.
[functions and indications] it can clear away heat, detoxify, promote swallowing and promote fluid production. .
[usage and dosage] 5 ～ 10g.
[storage] store in a dry place to prevent moths.

2、 Chemical constituents of green fruits

It contains cresol, thymol, vitamin C, limonene, p-cymere, camphene, nerol, geraniol, s-cadinene, b-caryophyllene, a-copaene, and elemol.

3、 Pharmacological effects of green fruits

① Hypoglycemic effect

Indians have reported that Hainan Putao seed can treat diabetes clinically. The experiment proved that the alcohol extract of seeds had hypoglycemic effect on male rabbits orally, and its intensity was similar to that of D860 but slightly weaker. Oral administration of seed alcohol extract (taken at the same time as or 5 days after the injection of alloxan) to alloxan diabetic rats for 7-27 days can reduce blood glucose to normal, urine sugar disappears, and the phenomenon of overeating is improved. For normal rats, one intraperitoneal injection of a small amount or a large amount of the above extracts can increase blood glucose first and then decrease, while a medium amount can increase blood glucose. Daily intraperitoneal injection of a small amount can also slightly reduce blood glucose. . It has significant and lasting hypoglycemic effect on dogs by subcutaneous injection of water extract, but has no effect by oral administration, and the bark extract also has no hypoglycemic effect.

② Other roles

Leaf fed animals have a weak estrogen like effect. The volatile oil of leaves has antibacterial effect in vitro. The warm extract of fruit has expectorant effect on rabbits (phenol red method), but no cough relieving effect on mice (ammonia spray induced cough method). The bronchial perfusion test in isolated guinea pigs showed no bronchodilator effect, and no antipyretic effect on rabbits with artificial fever. Anesthetized rabbits were given 1 ～ 1.25 g / kg of the infusion, which had no obvious effect on ECG within 2 hours.