1、 Calamine pharmacopoeia standard
This product is a carbonate mineral calcite family smithsonite, mainly containing zinc carbonate (ZnCO3). After excavation, wash, dry and remove debris.
[properties] this product is a massive aggregate, which is irregular in shape. Grayish white or light red, the surface is powdery, Matt, uneven, porous, and honeycomb like. Light and fragile. The breath is slight and the taste is slightly astringent.
[identification] (1) take 1g of crude powder of this product, add 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid, and then bubble to generate carbon dioxide gas, and introduce it into calcium hydroxide test solution to generate white precipitate.
(2) Take 1g of crude powder of this product, add 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid to dissolve it, filter it, add potassium ferrocyanide test solution to the filtrate, that is, white precipitate or a trace of blue precipitate is generated.
[content determination] take about 0.1g of this product powder, dry it at 105 ℃ for 1 hour, weigh it accurately, put it in a conical flask, add 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid, shake it to dissolve the zinc salt, add 10ml of concentrated ammonia test solution and 10ml of ammonia ammonium chloride buffer (pH10.0), shake it well, add 10ml of disodium hydrogen phosphate test solution, shake it, and filter it. . Each 1ml of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium titrant (0.05mol/l) is equivalent to 4.069mg of zinc oxide (ZnO).
According to the calculation of dry product, the content of zinc oxide (ZnO) shall not be less than 40.0%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] calamine is used to remove impurities and break it.
Satin calamine take out the calamine, forge it with lighting calcination method (general rule 0213) until it is red, then fly it according to the water flying method (general rule 0213), and dry it.
This product is white, light yellow or pink powder; It is light, soft and smooth. The breath is slight and the taste is slightly astringent.
[content determination] the content of zinc oxide (ZnO) in the same medicinal material shall not be less than 56.0%.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] sweet and smooth. Return to the liver and spleen meridians.
[functions and indications] detoxify, brighten the eyes, remove the haze, reduce dampness, relieve itching, and heal sores. .
[usage and dosage] suitable for external use.
[storage] put it in a dry place.

2、 Chemical composition of Calamine

The main component is zinc carbonate, with a small amount of calcium oxide 0.27%, magnesium oxide 0.45%, iron oxide 0.58%, manganese oxide 0.01%. Zinc in this stone is often replaced by a small amount of iron (divalent). In addition, some calamine varieties still contain a small amount of diamond, copper, cadmium, lead and trace amounts of germanium and indium. Calamine in Qingdao and Jinan is mainly composed of zinc carbonate, with a small amount of iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium and other impurities and a very small amount of sodium.
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3、 Pharmacological effects of Calamine

. Generally, 5-10% water suspension (lotion) and ointment are used. Topical use can inhibit local Staphylococcus growth. It can partially absorb the wound secretion, and has the effect of convergence and protection; It can also inhibit the growth of local staphylococci.