1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Potentilla chinensis
 
This product is the dried whole herb of Potentilla chinensis ser., a Rosaceae plant. When the stems are not drawn in spring, they are dug to remove the sediment and dried in the sun.
[properties] the root of this product is cylindrical or cone-shaped, slightly twisted, and some have branches, 5-17cm long, 0.5-1.5cm in diameter; the surface is dark brown or dark purple red, with longitudinal lines, and the thick skin is easy to flake; The rhizome is slightly expanded; It is hard and easy to break. The skin of the section is thin, dark brown, and often separated from the wood. The rays are arranged radially. Leaves basal, singular pinnately compound, petiolate; The leaflets are 12-31 pairs, long and narrow oval, with feathery deep lobes at the edge. The lower surface and petiole are gray white, densely covered with gray white villi. The breath is slight, and the taste is astringent and bitter.
[identification] (1) the powder of this product is grayish brown. There are many non glandular hairs, including two types of single cells: one is thin-walled, extremely slender, about 4000 µ m long, 3-6 µ m in diameter, tangled into clusters; . Cork cells are polygonal or oblate, containing yellowish brown substances.
(2) . Another 2G of Potentilla reference medicinal material was taken, and the control medicinal material solution was prepared by the same method. Then take gallic acid reference substance and add ethanol to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml as the reference substance solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 2-4 µ l of each of the above three solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use toluene ethyl formate formic acid (5:4:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and spray with a mixture of 2% ferric chloride solution and potassium ferricyanide test solution. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same blue spots appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample.
[inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 13.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
The total ash content shall not exceed 14.0% (general rule 2302).
Acid insoluble ash content shall not exceed 4.0% (general rule 2302).
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, it shall not be less than 19.0%.
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Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; ; The detection wavelength was 272nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 5000 according to the gallic acid peak.
Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of gallic acid reference, weigh accurately, add 50% methanol to make a solution containing 10 µ g per 1ml.
Preparation of test solution take about 0.5g of the powder (passing through No. 4 screen), accurately weigh it, place it in a corked conical flask, precisely add 50ml of 4mol/l hydrochloric acid solution, weigh it, heat it for reflux for 4 hours, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with 4mol/l hydrochloric acid solution, shake it well, filter it, and take the filtrate.
Determination method precisely suck 10 µ l of the reference solution and 10 µ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
According to the calculation of dry product, the content of gallic acid (C7H6O5) shall not be less than 0.030%.
Decoction pieces
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This product is irregular. The root surface is dark brown or dark purple red, and the cork is easy to flake. The cut skin is thin, dark brown, often separated from the wooden part, and the rays are arranged radially. The leaf edge is pinnately cleft, and the lower surface and petiole are densely covered with gray white hairs. The breath is slight, and the taste is astringent and bitter.
[extract] the same as medicinal materials. Not less than 17.0%.
[content determination] the same as that of medicinal materials. Gallic acid (C7H6O5) shall not be less than 0.024%.
[identification] [inspection] is the same as that of medicinal materials. ”The
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] bitter, cold. Return to liver and large intestine channels.
[functions and indications] it can clear away heat, detoxify, cool blood and stop dysentery. It is used for red dysentery, abdominal pain, prolonged dysentery, hemorrhoids bleeding, carbuncle swelling and sore poison.
[usage and dosage] 9 ～ 15g. Suitable for external use.
[storage] store in a ventilated and dry place.

2、 Chemical constituents of Potentilla Potentilla

Whole grass containsquercetin (quercetin)、Kaempferol(kaempferol) andgallic acid(gallic acid)， .


3、 Pharmacological effects of Potentilla chinensis

1. anti pathogen effect gallic acid and quercetin contained in Potentilla chinensis have antibacterial activity. In addition, the antibacterial component azelaic acid has an antibacterial diameter of 21mm against Shigella flexneri 2a, 14mm against Shigella Shigella, and 12mm against Shigella sonnei. The whole herb decoction has an inhibitory effect on Shigella dysenteriae by the plate drilling method. The root decoction had a certain inhibitory effect on Amoeba histolytica in vivo, but had no effect in vitro, when it was given to rats infected with amoeba at 3g/kg daily for 6 days.

2. other effects the decoction of leaves and roots (1:5000-1:25) has inhibitory effects on isolated frog and rabbit hearts, as well as on isolated and in vivo rabbit intestinal tubes; It can also expand the isolated bronchus of guinea pigs and excite the isolated uterus of guinea pigs.

3. ld/50 of toxic root flow extract by gavage in mice is 60g/kg.