1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Beijing euphorbia
 
This product is the dried root of Euphorbia pekinensis rupr., a Euphorbiaceae plant. They are dug in autumn and winter, washed and dried in the sun.
[properties] this product is irregular long conical, slightly curved, often branched, 10 ~ 20cm long, 1.5 ~ 4cm in diameter. The surface is grayish brown or tan, rough, with longitudinal wrinkles, transverse lenticel like protrusions and root marks. . It is hard and not easy to break. The cross section is white or light yellow and fibrous. It is slightly bitter and astringent.
. The starch granules are round or oval in shape, with a diameter of 3-15 µ m, and the umbilicus is punctate or crevicular; Compound granules are composed of 2-3 fractions. The diameter of calcium oxalate cluster crystals is 19-40 µ M. the marginal pit ducts and reticulated ducts are more common, with a diameter of 26-50 µ M. the fibers are single or in bundles, with thick walls and non lignified. The unripe milk ducts are often broken and contain yellow fine granular milk.
(2) Take 2 thin slices of this product by hand, add 1 drop of glacial acetic acid and 1 drop of sulfuric acid to one slice, and observe under the microscope. It turns red at the phloem lacteal duct group, and gradually fades after 5 minutes; The other one is brown yellow with potassium hydroxide test solution.
(3) Take 0.5g of this product powder, add 5ml of petroleum ether (60 ~ 90 ℃), soak for 1 hour, filter, and concentrate the filtrate to 1ml as the test solution. Another 1g of Euphorbia pekinensis reference medicinal material was prepared into the reference medicinal material solution by the same method. Then take the Euphorbia dienol reference substance and add methanol to make a solution containing 1mg per 1ml as the reference solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 2 µ l of each of the above three solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use petroleum ether (30 ～ 60 ℃) - acetone (5:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution, and heat at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear. . In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots or fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the control sample.
[inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 11.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
[extract] according to the cold leaching method under the determination method of alcohol soluble extract (general rule 2201), the use of ethanol as solvent shall not be less than 8.0%.
[content determination] determine according to high performance liquid chromatography (general rule 0512).
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octane silane bonded silica gel was used as filler; Acetonitrile water (92:8) was used as mobile phase; The detection wavelength was 210nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 5000 according to the euphorbiacol peak.
Preparation of reference solution take a proper amount of Euphorbia dienol reference, weigh accurately, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.2mg per 1ml.
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The determination method is to precisely suck 10 µ l of the reference solution and 5 ～ 10 µ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
According to the calculation of dry product, the content of Euphorbia dienol (c30h50o) shall not be less than 0.60%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] Euphorbia pekinensis remove impurities, wash, moisten, cut into thick pieces, and dry.
Vinegar Euphorbia pekinensis take the pure Euphorbia pekinensis and cook it according to the vinegar cooking method (general rule 0213) until the vinegar is absorbed.
30kg vinegar for every 100kg of Euphorbia pekinensis.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] bitter, cold; . It belongs to the lung, spleen and kidney meridians.
. It is used for edema and fullness, hydrothorax in chest and abdomen, accumulation of phlegm and drink, cough and asthma due to Qi inversion, adverse defecation, carbuncle, swelling and sores, toxin, scrofula and phlegm.
. Suitable for external use, raw use.
[note] it is forbidden for pregnant women; It should not be used with licorice.
[storage] store in a dry place to prevent moths.

2、 Chemical constituents of Euphorbia pekinensis
It contains euphorbin, euphorbic acid, triterpene alcohol, organic acid, tannin, resin gum, sugar, etc.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Euphorbia pekinensis
It can stimulate the intestinal canal, cause increased intestinal peristalsis, and produce diarrhea. The extract can dilate the terminal blood vessels, excite the isolated uterus of pregnancy and resist the pressor effect of epinephrine. Water extract, concentrated decoction and alcohol extract all have inhibitory effects on spontaneous activities of mice, but the effect of water extract is more obvious than that of concentrated decoction.