myrrh
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of myrrh         This product is the dry resin of olive plant Commiphora Myrrha engl. or Commiphora mo1mol engl. It is divided into natural myrrh and colloidal myrrh.
        [properties] natural myrrh   It is irregular granular agglomerates with different sizes, and the larger ones are more than 6cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish brown or reddish brown, and the near translucent part is brownish black, covered with yellow dust. The quality is hard and brittle, and the broken surface is irregular and lusterless. It has a special aroma and tastes bitter and pungent.
        Glial myrrh   .
        [identification]   (1) Take 0.1g of this product powder, add 3ml of diethyl ether, shake, filter, put the filtrate in an evaporating dish, volatilize the diethyl ether, add nitric acid dropwise to the residual yellow liquid, showing a brownish purple color.
        (2) Take a small amount of this product powder and add a few drops of vanillin test solution. The natural myrrh immediately turns red, then turns red purple, and the colloidal myrrh immediately turns purple, then turns blue purple.
        (3) Take an appropriate amount of volatile oil under [content determination] and add cyclohexane to make a solution containing 10mg of natural myrrh or 50mg of colloidal myrrh per 1ml as the test solution. In addition, take 2G of natural myrrh control medicine or 2G of colloidal myrrh control medicine, add 2ml of cyclohexane according to the volatile oil determination method (general rule 2204 B method), heat it slowly to boiling, and keep it slightly boiling for about 2.5 hours. After placing, take the cyclohexane solution as the control medicine solution. . In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color appear on the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
        [check]   Impurities   Natural myrrh shall not exceed 10% and colloidal myrrh shall not exceed 15% (general rule 2301).
        Total ash   Not more than 15.0% (general rule 2302).
        Acid insoluble ash   Not more than 10.0% (general rule 2302).
        [content determination]   Take 20g of this product (remove impurities) and determine it according to the volatile oil determination method (general rule 2204b method).
        .
          Decoction pieces
        [processing]   ; Remove the myrrh and stir fry it with vinegar (general rule 0213) until the surface is bright.
        5kg vinegar for every 100kg myrrh.
        . It has a special aroma, slightly vinegar aroma, bitter and pungent taste.
        [check]   Acid insoluble ash   Not more than 8.0% (general rule 2302).
        [content determination]   The volatile oil content of the same medicinal material shall not be less than 2.0% (ml/g).
        [identification]   .
        [nature, taste and meridian tropism]   Bitter, bitter, flat. Homing, liver and spleen meridians.
        ; Dissipate blood stasis and relieve pain, reduce swelling and generate muscle. .
        [usage and dosage]   3～5g， It is processed and degreased. It is often used in pill powder.
        [note]   Pregnant women and those with weak stomach should use it with caution.
        ; Store in a cool and dry place.    


2、 Chemical constituents of myrrh
It contains 25% to 35% resin, 2.5% to 9% volatile oil, and about 57% to 65% gum. Most of the resin can be dissolved in ether. The insoluble part of the resin contains a and β, and the soluble part contains a, β, and γ, and the soluble part contains a, β, and γ, respectively. The soluble part contains a, β, and γ, as well as a- and β, respectively. It also contains heeraborene and commiferin. Volatile oil is easy to resinify in air, containingEugenol（eugenol）， M-cresol, cuminaldehyde, pinene, limonene, cinnamic aldehyde, heerabolene, and other furan sesquiterpenoids: 8A methoxyfuranodiene, 8A acetoylfu ranodiene, Curzerene, isofruanogermacrene, aconite root lindestrene, furanoeudesma-1, 3-diene, Curcuma furanodiene. Trans and CIS 4,17 (20) - pregnana-3,16-dione (E, z-guggulsterone). Gum is hydrolyzed to produce arabinose, galactose and xylose.

3、 Pharmacological action of myrrh
. The antibacterial effect of myrrh may be related to the content of eugenol, see clove strips. Oleoresin can reduce the blood cholesterol content of male rabbits with hypercholesterolemia (caused by feeding hydrogenated vegetable oil), prevent plaque formation, and also reduce the weight of rabbits. Similar to other substances containing oleoresin, myrrh (usually tincture) has some local stimulatory effects, which can be used in oral lotions or in gastrointestinal weakness to stimulate intestinal peristalsis. The aqueous extract can inhibit dermatophytes such as Trichophyton violaceum by tube dilution method at a ratio of 1:2. The volatile oil contained has a mild inhibitory effect on mold. Myrrh Decoction 20mg/kg femoral artery injection can increase femoral artery blood flow and reduce vascular resistance in anesthetized dogs.