1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Cassia obtusifolia
Cassia obtusifolia
Shijueming
HALIOTIDIS CONCHA
[character] Haliotis diversicolor It is long oval, slightly ear shaped on the inner surface, 7-9cm long, 5-6cm wide, and about 2cm high. The surface is dark red, with most irregular spiral ribs and fine growth lines. The spiral part is small, and the body spiral part is large. There are more than 20 warty protrusions from the top of the spiral part to the right, and 6-9 holes at the end. The orifice is flat with the shell surface. The inner surface is smooth, with pearl like color luster. The shell is thick, hard and not easy to break. It tastes slightly salty.
Haliotis discus hannai It is long and round, 8 ～ 12cm long, 6 ～ 8cm wide, and 2 ～ 3cm high. The surface is gray brown, with most rough and irregular wrinkles, obvious growth lines, and often mosses or calcareous insects and other attachments. There are 4 ～ 5 openings at the end. The orifice protrudes from the shell surface, and the shell is thin.
Abalone & nbsp; It is nearly circular, 4-8cm long, 2.5-6cm wide, and 0.8-2cm high. The shell top is located near the middle and higher than the shell surface. The spiral part and the body spiral part account for 1/2 each. There are two rows of neat protrusions from the edge of the spiral part, especially the upper part, with 4-5 holes at the end, which are tubular.
Abalone is flat oval, 13 ～ 17cm long, 11 ～ 14cm wide, and 3.5 ～ 6cm high. The surface is brick red, and the spiral part is about 1/2 of the shell surface. The spiral rib and growth line are wavy, with more than 30 warty protrusions, 7 ～ 9 openings at the end, and the orifice protrudes from the shell surface.
The abalone is long and narrow, slightly twisted, ear shaped, 5-8cm long, 2.5-3.5cm wide, and about 1cm high. The surface is smooth, with patches of emerald green, purple, brown and other colors. The spiral part is small, the body spiral part is large, and the end has 5-7 openings. The orifice is flat with the shell, mostly oval, thin shell, and brittle.
The White Abalone is oval in shape, 11 ～ 14cm long, 8.5 ～ NCM wide and 3 ～ 6.5cm high. Its surface is brick red and smooth. The top of the shell is higher than the surface of the shell, and the growth line is quite obvious The spiral part is about 1/3 of the shell surface, with more than 30 warty protrusions and 9 holes at the end, and the hole is flat with the shell.
[content determination] take about 0.15g of the fine powder of this product, weigh it accurately, put it in a conical flask, add 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid, heat it to dissolve it, add 20ml of water and a drop of methyl red indicator solution, drop 10% potassium hydroxide solution until the solution turns yellow, continue to add 10ml more, add a small amount of calcein indicator, titrate with disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate titrant (0.05mol/l) until the yellow green fluorescence of the solution disappears and turns orange. Every 1ml of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate titrant (0.05mol/l) is equivalent to 5.004mg of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
The content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in this product shall not be less than 93.0%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] Cassia obtusifolia Remove impurities, wash, dry and crush.
This product is irregular pieces. Gray white, with pearl like color luster. It is hard. It tastes slightly salty.
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Cassia obtusifolia with calcined stone Take the clear stone Cassia obtusifolia and calcine it with lighting method (general rule 0213) until it is crisp.
This product is irregular pieces or coarse powder. It is gray white and lusterless, and crisp. .
[content determination] the content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the same medicinal material shall not be less than 95.0%.
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[functions and indications] it can calm the liver, suppress Yang, clear the liver and improve eyesight. .
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[storage] put it in a dry place.
2、 Chemical constituents of Cassia obtusifolia
1. abalone shells contain more than 90% calcium carbonate, a small amount of magnesium, sodium, strontium, iron, silicon, aluminum, and trace amounts of titanium, manganese, barium, copper, chromium, phosphorus, vanadium, zinc and other 18 elements. The hydrolysate contains 17 kinds of amino acids, includingL-aspartic acid （L-aspartic acid）、L-threonine（L-threonine）、l-serine （L-serine）、 Glutamic acid, etc. It also contains Conchiolin.
2. the shell of Haliotis diversicolor mainly contains calcium carbonate, shell cutin and inorganic elements such as sodium, calcium, titanium, manganese, iron, phosphorus, chromium, magnesium, zinc, copper, etc. The inner layer of the shell has a pearl like luster of shell cutin, which is hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid to obtain 16 kinds of amino acids, includingglycine（glycine）、L-aspartic acid 、L-alanine（L-alanine）、l-serine , glutamate, etc. .
3. the shell of Haliotis discus hannai contains more than 90% calcium carbonate and about 3.67% organic matter. . It also contains cholesterin and cuticle.
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3、 Pharmacological effects of Cassia obtusifolia
1. it has heat clearing, sedative, blood pressure lowering and sympathetic nerve like effects.
2. anti infection effect: the antibacterial experiment (cup dish method) of abalone extract showed that it had the strongest antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The anti acute carbon tetrachloride poisoning (hepatitis model) experiment of the hydrolysate of the shell inner layer in mice showed that the glutamic pyruvic transaminase in the administration group was significantly lower than that in the control group. . Abalone juice has anti Staphylococcus aureus and anti influenza virus effects in vitro.
3. other effects: the effect of abalone acidic extract on the coagulation time of rabbits in vitro and in vivo showed that both had significant anticoagulant effect (p< 0.001). The experiment of its shell extract on ammonia deficiency in mice under normal pressure showed that it had obvious oxygen resistance; It can also increase the perfusion volume of isolated mouse lungs and expand the smooth muscle of trachea and bronchus (the expansion rate is 17%). .