Cayratia japonica
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Cayratia japonica       This product is the dried root of Ampelopsis japonica (thunb.) Makino, a grape plant. Excavate in spring and autumn, remove sediment and fine roots, cut into longitudinal petals or oblique pieces, and dry in the sun.
      [properties] the longitudinal valve of this product is oblong or nearly spindle shaped, 4-10cm long and 1-2cm in diameter. The cut surface is often curled inward, and there is a raised edge line in the middle. The outer skin is reddish brown or reddish brown, with longitudinal wrinkles, fine horizontal lines and transverse lenticels, which are easy to fall off layer by layer, and the falling off part is light reddish brown. The oblique slice is oval, 2.5-5cm long and 2-3cm wide. The cut surface is white or light reddish brown, with radial texture, thick periphery, slightly cocked or slightly bent. It is light, hard and brittle, and easy to break. When it is broken, there is dust flying out. The air is weak and the taste is sweet.
      [identification] (1) light reddish brown powder. The starch granules are single, oblong, long oval, kidney shaped or irregular, with a diameter of 3-13 µ m, and the umbilicus is not obvious; The number of compound granules is small. Calcium oxalate needle crystals are 86-169 µ m long, scattered or in bundles in mucus cells. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are 25-78 µ m in diameter and have wide edges and corners. The conduit with marginal pits has a diameter of 35-60 µ M.
      (2) Take 2G of this product powder, add 30ml of ethanol, heat and reflux for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 2ml of ethanol to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. Another 2G of the control medicinal material of Cayratia japonica was prepared into the control medicinal material solution by the same method. According to the thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 µ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use chloroform methanol (6:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution, and heat at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color appear on the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
      ; Not more than 3% (general rule 2301).
      Moisture   Not more than 15.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
      Total ash   Not more than 12.0% (general rule 2302).
      Acid insoluble ash   Not more than 3.0% (general rule 2302).
      [extract] according to the cold leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), 25% ethanol is used as solvent, which shall not be less than 18.0%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] remove impurities, wash, moisten, cut into thick pieces, and dry.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] bitter, slightly cold. Homing and stomach meridian.
      [functions and indications] it can clear away heat and detoxification, eliminate carbuncle and loose knot, heal sores and generate muscle. It is used for carbuncle, gangrene, sore, scrofula, burn and scald.
      [usage and dosage] 5 ～ 10g. For external use, use an appropriate amount, wash it in decoction or grind it into a very fine powder and apply it on the affected area.
      .
      [storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moths.


2、 Chemical constituents of Cayratia japonica
The root tuber contains mucilage and starch, TartaricAcid,β - sitosterol（β-sitosterol），Fumarate（fumaric acid），Carotene（daucosterol）。 cycasin gallic acid（gallic acid）， 1,2,6-tri-o-galloyl - β - d-glucopyranoside, 1,2,3,6-tetra-o-galloyl - β - d-glucopyranoside, 1,2,3,6-tetra-o-galloyl - β - d-glucopyranoside, 1,2,4,6-tetra-o-galloyl - β - d-glucopyranoside, 1,2,4,6-tetra-o-galloyl - β - d-glucopyranoside, 1,2,4,6-tetra-o-galloyl - β - d-glucopyranoside, 1,2,4,6-tetra-o-galloyl - β - d-glucopyranoside, 1,2,4,6-tetra-o-o-galloyl-glucopyr,1,2,3,4,6-o-pentagalloyl glucose（1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloylglucose）， Digallic acid, 1,4,6-tri-o-galloyl - β - d-glucopyranoside, 2,4,6-tri-o-galloyl-d-glucopyranoside, 2,4,6-tri-o-galloyl-d-glucopyranoside, 2,3,4,6-tetra-o-galloyl-d-glucopyranoside tra-o-galloyl-d-glucopyranoside), 6-o-di-galloyl-1, 2, 3-tri-o-galloyl - β - d-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-o-a-l-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-o - (2-o-galloyl) - a-l-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-o - (2-o-galloyl) - a-l-rhamnoside.The.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Cayratia japonica
. The aqueous extract was diluted in test tube, and the concentration of 1:15 had inhibitory effect on Trichophyton commune, Microsporum audouang, and dermatophyte inguinal. The acetic acid acetate soluble part of the root alcohol extract has a protective effect on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in mice. 300mg/kg significantly inhibited the increase of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) activities.
2. the decoction of Cayratia japonica has no analgesic effect, but it can significantly enhance the analgesic effect of black aconite tablets and roasted Chuanwu, and antagonize the contractile effect of black aconite tablets, roasted Chuanwu and roasted Caowu on isolated frog hearts.
3. anticancer effect: in vitro test has inhibitory effect on human cervical cancer cell culture line jtc-26, and the inhibition rate is more than 90%.