White lentil
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of white lentil       This product is the dried and mature seed of the legume Dolichos lablab L. Harvest the mature fruits in autumn and winter, dry them in the sun, take out the seeds, and then dry them in the sun.
      [properties] the product is oblate oval or oblate ovoid, 8-13mm long, 6-9mm wide, and about 7mm thick. The surface is yellowish white or yellowish, smooth, slightly shiny, and there is a raised white eyebrow shaped caruncle on one side of the edge. It is hard. . It is light and tasteless, and tastes beany when chewing.
      [identification] cross section of this product: the epidermis is composed of 1 row of grid cells and 2 rows at the seed umbilicus, with obvious bright bands. There is one row of Sertoli cells in dumbbell shape, and there are 3-5 rows in the umbilical part. . Cotyledon cells contain numerous starch granules. There are caruncle on the outer side of the grid cell in the hilum, and tracheid island on the inner side, oval, reticular thickening of the cell wall, stellate tissue on both sides, stellate cells, large intercellular spaces, and brown matter in some cell cavities.
      [check] moisture   Not more than 14.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] white lentils   Remove impurities. Mash when needed.
      [character], [identification], [inspection] are the same as that of medicinal materials.
      Fried white lentils   Take pure white lentils and stir fry them according to the clear frying method (general rule 0213) until they are yellowish and scorched. Mash when needed.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] sweet, mild. Return to spleen and stomach meridian.
      [functions and indications] invigorate the spleen and remove dampness, and relieve heat in the middle. For weak spleen and stomach, loss of appetite, loose stool, excessive leucorrhea, vomiting and diarrhea due to heat dampness, chest tightness and abdominal distension. Stir fried white lentils strengthen the spleen and remove dampness. Used for diarrhea due to spleen deficiency and excessive leucorrhea.
     
      [storage] store in a dry place to prevent moths.


2、 Chemical constituents of Dolichos lablab
The seed contains 0.62% oil and containspalmitic acidPalmitic acid accounted for 8.33%, linoleic acid 57.95%, elaidic acid 15.05%, oleic acid 5.65%, stearic acid 11.26%, arachidic acid 0.58%, and behenic acid 10.40%. Also containsTrigonelline（trigonelline），L-Methionine （methionone），l-leucine （leucine)，L-threonine（threonine）， ,Alpha carotene、β - cucurbitacin(carotene）， Sucrose, glucose, stachyose, maltose, raffinose, l-2-pipecolic acid, and phytoagglutinin, which are toxic. It also contains steroids.

3、 Pharmacological effects of white lentil
1. antibacterial and antiviral effects 100% white lentil decoction can inhibit Shigella and; It can detoxify vomiting and acute gastroenteritis caused by food poisoning. The water extract of white lentil has inhibitory effect on mouse Columbia SK virus.
2. effect on immune function 0.3ml of 20% cold salt extract of white lentils can promote the formation of active E-rosettes, that is, enhance the activity of T lymphocytes and improve the immune function of cells.
3. toxic white lentils contain phytoagglutinin, which is not specific for human red blood cells. Water insoluble lectin has antitrypsin activity and can inhibit the growth of experimental animals, so it is a toxic component. It also contains an enzyme that can non competitively inhibit the activity of trypsin. Heating also reduces its activity. At a concentration of 10mg/kg, due to the inhibition of thrombin, the coagulation time of citric plasma can be extended from 20s to 60s.
The lectin extracted from white lentils can distinguish human red blood cells from sheep and cattle, because this lectin only agglutinates human red blood cells, which can be used by forensic medicine to detect human blood.