Kaempferia
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Kaempferia       . Dig in winter, wash, remove fibrous roots, slice, and dry in the sun.
      ; The cut surface is white, powdery, and often bulging. . It has a special smell and spicy taste.
      [identification] (1) the powder of this product is yellowish white. The starch grains are numerous, mainly single, round, oval or triangular, most of which are flat, with a diameter of 5-30 μ m, and the umbilicus and lamina are not obvious. The oil cells are round or oval in shape, 40-130 μ m in diameter, with thin walls and light yellowish green or purplish red oil droplets in their cavities. The diameter of threaded conduit is 18 ～ 37 μ M. .
      (2) Take 0.25g of this product powder, add 5ml of methanol, sonicate for 10 minutes, filter, and take the filtrate as the test solution. In addition, take the reference substance of ethyl p-methoxycinnamate and add methanol to make a solution containing 5mg per 1ml as the reference solution. . In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control sample.
      [inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 15.0% (the fourth method of general rule 0832).
      The total ash content shall not exceed 8.0% (general rule 2302).
      Acid insoluble ash content shall not exceed 3.0% (general rule 2302).
      .
      [content determination] determine according to the volatile oil determination method (general rule 2204 B method).
      The volatile oil content of this product shall not be less than 4.5% (ml/g).
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, warm. Return to the stomach meridian.
      . It is used for chest and diaphragm fullness, abdominal pain and cold, and diet does not disappear.
      .
      [storage] store in a cool and dry place.


2、 Chemical constituents of Kaempferia
The rhizome contains volatile oil, and its main components areethyl p-methoxy cinnamate (Ethyl 4-methoxycinnamate)， ,borneol(borneol)， ,Cineole(1,8-cineole) ，α - terpineol(α-terpineol)， ,Borneol acetate(bornyl acetate)， Thymol, α -terpinyl acetate, β -elemene, δ -selinene, pentadecane, γ -cadinene, hexadecane, heptadecane, 3- (4-methoxyphenyl) - 2-methyl-2-acrylic acid [3- (4-methoxyphenyl) - 2-methyl-2-acetic acid], 5-phenylthiazole hiazole), . It also contains flavonoids:Kaempferol(kaempferol)，Kaempferol(kaempferide)。 It also contains vitamin P.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Kaempferia
1. anticancer effect in 1985, kosuget et al reported that trans-p-methoxycinnamate obtained from Kaempferia rhizome is a cytotoxic component, which has strong inhibitory effect on human cervical cancer passage cells (helacells).
2. effect on intestinal smooth muscle rhizome Decoction at 0.25-0.75% concentration showed excitatory effect on isolated intestinal tubes of guinea pigs. However, when the concentration increased to 1-1.25%, the inhibitory effect appeared; The saturated aqueous solution of its volatile oil is similar to the effect of decoction.
.
4. other effects kaempferol has anti-inflammatory effect and vitamin P activity on animals. Its potency is similar to quercitrin, but worse than kaempferol.