Radix Aconiti Preparata
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Radix Aconiti Preparata       This product is processed from Aconitum carmichaeli.
      [preparation method] take Aconitum carmichaeli, separate the large and small ones, soak them in water until there is no dry heart, take them out, boil them with water for 4-6 hours (or steam them for 6-8 hours) until there is no white heart in the cut of the large and solid ones, take them out, air them to 60% dry, slice them, and dry them.
      [properties] this product is irregular or long triangular tablets. . It is light, brittle and shiny in cross section. The air is weak and the tongue feels numb.
      [identification] take 2G of this product powder, add 2ml of ammonia test solution to moisten, add 20ml of ether, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, volatilize the filtrate, add 1ml of dichloromethane to dissolve the residue as the test solution. In addition, take benzoyl aconitine reference substance, benzoyl hypaconitine reference substance and benzoyl mesaconitine reference substance, add isopropanol chloroform (1:1) mixed solution to make a mixed solution containing 1mg per 1ml as the control solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), pipette 5 μ l of each of the above two solutions onto the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use n-hexane ethyl acetate methanol (6.4:3.6:1) as the developing agent, place in the developing cylinder saturated with ammonia vapor for 20 minutes, develop, take out, dry, and spray with dilute bismuth potassium iodide test solution. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control sample.
      [inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 11.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
      Test on chromatographic conditions and preparation method of test solution of diester alkaloids according to the item [content determination].
      Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of aconitine reference, hypaconitine reference and mesaconitine reference, weigh accurately, add isopropanol chloroform (1:1) mixed solution to make a mixed solution containing 50 μ g of aconitine, 0.15mg of mesaconitine and 0.15mg of mesaconitine per 1ml, respectively.
      Determination method precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution under [content determination], inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      The diester alkaloids contained in this product shall not exceed 0.040% based on the total amount of aconitine (c34h47no11), hypaconitine (c33h45no10) and mesaconitine (c33h45no11).
      [content determination] determine according to HPLC (general rule 0512).
      Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; Acetonitrile tetrahydrofuran (25:15) was used as mobile phase a, and 0.1mol/l ammonium acetate solution (0.5ml of glacial acetic acid per 1000ml) was used as mobile phase B. gradient elution was performed as specified in the following table; The detection wavelength was 235nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 2000 according to the peak of benzoyl mesaconitine.
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      Time (min) mobile phase a (%) mobile phase B (%)
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    0~48       15→26      85→74
    48~49      26→35      74→65
    49~58      35          65
    58~65      35→15      65→85
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      Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of benzoyl aconitine reference, benzoyl hypaconitine reference and benzoyl mesaconitine reference, accurately weigh, add isopropanol chloroform (1:1) mixed solution to make a mixed solution containing 50 μ g of benzoyl aconitine and benzoyl mesaconitine and 0.3mg of benzoyl mesaconitine per 1ml.
      Preparation of test solution take about 2G of powder (passing through No. 3 screen), accurately weigh, place in a corked conical flask, add 3ml of ammonia test solution, precisely add 50ml of isopropanol ethyl acetate (1:1) mixed solution, weigh, and sonicate (power 300W, frequency 40KHz; The water temperature is below 25C) for 30 minutes, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with isopropanol ethyl acetate (1:1) mixed solution, shake it well, and filter it. Accurately measure 25ml of the secondary filtrate, recover the solvent to dryness under reduced pressure below 40 ℃, precisely add 3ml of isopropanol chloroform (1:1) mixed solution to dissolve the residue, filter, and take the secondary filtrate.
      The determination method is to precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      According to the dry product, the total amount of benzoyl aconitine (c32h45no10), benzoyl hypaconitine (c31h43no9) and benzoyl mesaconitine (c31h43no10) should be 0.070% - 0.15%.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, bitter and hot; . Homing, liver, kidney and spleen meridians.
      [functions and indications] dispel wind and dampness, warm meridians and relieve pain. It is used for wind cold dampness arthralgia, joint pain, cold pain in the heart and abdomen, cold hernia pain and anesthesia pain relief.
      [usage and dosage] 1.5 ~ 3G, decoct first and decoct for a long time.
      [note] pregnant women should use it with caution; It should not be used with Pinellia ternata, Fructus Trichosanthis, Fructus Trichosanthis, pericarpium trichosanthis, trichosanthin, Fritillaria chuanensis, Fritillaria zhejianensis, Fritillaria pingensis, Fritillaria yiensis, Fritillaria hupehensis, cayratiatia japonica, Baiji.
      [storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moths.


2、 Chemical constituents of Radix Aconiti Preparata

Contains 6 alkaloids:Hypaconitine（Hypaconitine）、Aconitine（Aconitine）、Mesoaconitine（Mesaconitine）、Talaconitine（Talatisamine）、 Chuanwu base a and Chuanwu base B. In addition, the root containsHypaconitine、Aconitine、Mesoaconitine, carmichaeline, and so on. Aconitine B is carmichaeline. Aconitine(aconitine)、Mesoaconitine(mesaconitne)、Hypaconitine(hypa-conitine), as well asTalaconitine(talatisamine)、 Aconitine A and aconitine B. The processing process is to hydrolyze diesters into monoester alkaloids with less toxicity. It also contains norsalsolinol. Separated from commercial Aconitum carmichaeliHypaconitine0.048%,Aconitine0.01%。Mesoaconitine0.0067%; Another alkaloid (carmichaeline) is colorless crystal, melting point 185-1860c, [- α]d25-16.70 (methanol), which is considered to be the same substance as aconitine B. According to the analysis, Aconitum carmichaeli contains alkaloids (calculated by aconitine) 0.13-0.23%; Aconitum carmichaeli contains about 0.599% ether soluble alkaloids.


3、 Pharmacological effects of Radix Aconiti Preparata
Expel wind and dampness, warm meridians and relieve pain. It is used for wind cold dampness arthralgia, joint pain, cold pain in the abdomen, cold hernia pain, anesthesia and pain relief.