Cistanche deserticola
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Cistanche deserticola       This product is the dried fleshy stem with scaly leaves of Cistanche deserticola y.c.ma or Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) Wight. The seedlings were excavated just after the excavation in spring or before the frozen soil in autumn, and the stem tips were removed. Cut into sections and dry in the sun.
      [character] Cistanche deserticola   It is oblate cylindrical, slightly curved, 3 ~ 15cm long and 2 ~ 8cm in diameter. The surface is brown or gray brown, densely covered with fleshy scale leaves arranged in tile shape, and the apex of scale leaves is usually broken. . It tastes sweet and bitter.
      Cistanche tubulosa   . The section is granular, grayish brown to grayish brown, with scattered punctate vascular bundles.
      [identification] take 1g of this product powder, add 20ml of methanol, sonicate for 15 minutes, filter, concentrate the filtrate to nearly dry, add 2ml of methanol to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. In addition, take echinacoside control sample and verbascoside control sample, add methanol to make 1mg solution per 1ml as the control solution. . In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control sample.
      [check] moisture   Not more than 10.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
      Total ash   Not more than 8.0% (general rule 2302).
      [extract] according to the cold leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, Cistanche deserticola shall not be less than 35.0%, Cistanche tubulosa shall not be less than 25.0%.
      [content determination] determine according to HPLC (general rule 0512).
      Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test   ; Gradient elution was performed with methanol as mobile phase A and 0.1% formic acid solution as mobile phase B according to the following table; .
   
      Preparation of reference solution   Take an appropriate amount of echinacoside reference substance and verbascoside reference substance, weigh accurately, add 50% methanol to make a mixed solution containing 0.2mg per 1ml.
      Preparation of test solution   Take about 1g of this product powder (passing through No. 4 screen), weigh it accurately, place it in a 100ml Brown volumetric flask, add 50ml of 50% methanol precisely, close the stopper, shake it well, weigh it, soak it for 30 minutes, sonicate it for 40 minutes (power 250W, frequency 35kHz), cool it, weigh it again, add 50% methanol to make up for the lost weight, shake it well, stand still, take the supernatant, filter it, and take the filtrate.
      Assay   Precisely suck 10 µ l of the control solution and 10 µ l of the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      The total amount of echinacoside (c35h46o20) and verbascoside (c29h36o15) in Cistanche deserticola should not be less than 0.30% according to the calculation of dry products; The total content of echinacoside (c35h46o20) and verbascoside (c29h36o15) in Cistanche tubulosa shall not be less than 1.5%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] Cistanche deserticola   Remove impurities, wash, moisten thoroughly, cut into thick pieces, and dry.
      Cistanche deserticola tablets are irregular thick pieces. The surface is tan or grayish brown. . There are light brown or brownish yellow punctate vascular bundles arranged in wavy rings on the section. It tastes sweet and bitter.
      Cistanche tubulosa tablets   Scattered punctate vascular bundles on the section.
      [identification], [inspection], [extract], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
      Cistanche deserticola   Clean the Cistanche deserticola tablets, stew or steam them according to the wine stewing or wine steaming method (general rule 0213) until the wine is completely absorbed.
      Cistanche deserticola is shaped like Cistanche deserticola. . Soft and moist. It has a slight wine aroma, sweet and bitter taste.
      Scattered punctate vascular bundles are found on the cut surface of Cistanche tubulosa.
      [identification], [inspection], [extract], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] sweet, salty and warm. Return to kidney and large intestine.
      [functions and indications] Tonify Kidney Yang, benefit blood essence, moisten intestines and relieve constipation. It is used for kidney yang deficiency, blood essence deficiency, impotence and infertility, waist and knee soreness, muscle and bone weakness, intestinal dryness and constipation.
      [usage and dosage] 6 ～ 10g.
      [storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moths.


2、 Chemical constituents of Cistanche deserticola
Fleshy stem containsCistanoside a、Cistanche glycosideB、Cistanche glycosideC、Cistanche glycosideH，Verbascoside（acteoside）， 2-acetylacteoside,EchinacosideEchinacoside contains seven phenylethanolic glycosides, liriodendrin, 8-epiloganic acid,Carotene（daucos-terol），betaine（betaine），β - sitosterol（β-sitosterol），D-Mannitol(D-Mannitol) [1], N, n-dimethylglycinemethyl ester [2], andL-phenylalanine（L-phenylalanine），L-valine （L-valine），l-leucine （L-leucine），L-isoleucine（L-isoleacine），L-lysine（L-lysine），L-threonine(L-serine) and other fifteen amino acids [3] andSuccinic acid（succinicacid），Triacontanol（TCMLIBiacontanol）， Polysaccharides [4].


3、 Pharmacological effects of Cistanche deserticola
1. effect on immune function of mice meat
2. effects on E-rosette formation and acid a-naphtholase esterase (ANAE) activity of human lymphocytes
3. effect of Cistanche deserticola on delayed footpad response in mice
4. effect on digestive system:
 
  4.2. effect on small intestine propulsion function in mice
  4.3. the antagonistic effect of Cistanche deserticola on atropine inhibiting defecation
  4.4. effect of Cistanche deserticola on water absorption of large and small intestine in mice