angelica
1、       This product is the dried root of Angelica sinensis (oliv.) Diels, an Umbelliferae plant. At the end of autumn, the fibrous roots and silt were removed, and after the water evaporated slightly, they were bundled into small bundles, put on the shed, and slowly smoked dry with fireworks.
      [properties] this product is slightly cylindrical, with 3-5 or more branches at the lower part, 15-25cm long. The surface is light brown to tan, with longitudinal wrinkles and transverse lenticel like protrusions. ; The surface of the taproot is uneven; The branch root (returning to the tail) is 0.3 ~ 1cm in diameter, thick at the top and thin at the bottom, and is often twisted, with a few fibrous root marks. It is flexible, with yellowish white or light yellowish brown section, thick skin, cracks and most Brown punctate secretory cavities, light wood color, and yellow brown cambium ring. It has a strong aroma, sweet, pungent and slightly bitter.
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      [identification] (1) cross section of this product: the cork layer is a series of cells. The inner layer of the plug is narrow and there are a few oil chambers. The phloem is broad, multi fissure, oil chamber and oil tube are round, 25-160 µ m in diameter, larger on the outside, smaller inward, and 6-9 surrounding secretory cells. The cambium forms a ring. Xylem ray width 3-5 rows of cells; ; Parenchyma cells contain starch granules.
      . . Ladder shaped conduit and reticulated conduit are common, with a diameter of about 80 µ M. sometimes oil chamber debris can be seen.
      (2) Take 0.5g of this product powder, add 20ml of diethyl ether, sonicate for 10 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 1ml of ethanol to dissolve the residue as the test solution. Another 0.5g of Angelica sinensis reference material was prepared into the reference material solution by the same method. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 10 µ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use n-hexane ethyl acetate (4:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, air dry, and view under the UV light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
      (3) Take 3G of this product powder, add 50ml of 1% sodium bicarbonate solution, sonicate for 10 minutes, centrifuge, take the supernatant, adjust the pH value to 2-3 with dilute hydrochloric acid, shake and extract twice with ether, 20ml each time, combine the ether solution, volatilize it, add 1ml of methanol to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. In addition, take ferulic acid reference substance and ligustilide reference substance, and add methanol to make a solution containing 1mg per 1ml, which is used as the reference solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 10 µ l of each of the above three solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use cyclohexane dichloromethane ethyl acetate formic acid (4:1:1:0.1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, air dry, and view under the ultraviolet light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control sample.
      [check] moisture   Not more than 15.0% (the fourth method of general rule 0832).
      Total ash   .
      Acid insoluble ash   Not more than 2.0% (general rule 2302).
      [extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), 70% ethanol shall be used as solvent, which shall not be less than 45.0%.
      [content determination] volatile oil   Determine according to the volatile oil determination method (general rule 2204 B method).
      The volatile oil content of this product shall not be less than 0.4% (ml/g).
      Ferulic acid   Determine according to high-performance liquid chromatography (general rule 0512).
      Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test   Octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.085% phosphoric acid solution (17:83); The detection wavelength was 316nm and the column temperature was 35 ℃. The number of theoretical plates shall not be less than 5000 according to the ferulic acid peak.
      Preparation of reference solution   Take an appropriate amount of ferulic acid reference substance, accurately weigh it, put it into a brown measuring flask, add 70% methanol to make a solution containing 12 µ g per 1ml.
      Preparation of test solution   Take about 0.2g of this product powder (passing through No. 3 screen), weigh it accurately, place it in a corked conical flask, add 20ml of 70% methanol precisely, close the stopper, weigh it, heat and reflux for 30 minutes, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with 70% methanol, shake it well, stand still, take the supernatant, filter it, and take the filtrate.
      Assay   Precisely suck 10 µ l of the control solution and 10 µ l of the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      This product is calculated as dry product, and the content of ferulic acid (c10h10o4) shall not be less than 0.050%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] Angelica sinensis   Remove impurities, wash, moisturize, slice, dry in the sun or at low temperature. This product is round, oval or irregular thin. The outer skin is light brown to tan. The cut surface is light brownish yellow or yellowish white, flat, fissured, with a light brown cambium ring in the middle, and most brown oil spots. It has a strong aroma, sweet, pungent and slightly bitter taste.
      [identification] (except the cross-sectional surface) [inspection] [extract] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      Wine Angelica sinensis   Take the angelica slices and fry them according to the wine roasting method (general rule 0213).
      . The cut surface is dark yellow or light brown yellow, with slight focal spots. It has a strong aroma and a slight wine aroma.
      [check] moisture   .
      [extract] the same as that of medicinal materials, not less than 50.0%.
      [identification] (except the cross section) [inspection] (total ash content   Acid insoluble ash) is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      . Return to the liver, heart and spleen meridians.
      [functions and indications] invigorate blood circulation, regulate menstruation and relieve pain, moisten intestine and relieve constipation. It is used for blood deficiency and yellowing, dizziness and palpitation, irregular menstruation, menstrual closure and dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain due to deficiency and cold, rheumatic arthralgia, falling and flapping injury, carbuncle and sores, intestinal dryness and constipation. Wine Angelica sinensis promotes blood circulation and channels. It is used for amenorrhea, rheumatic arthralgia, and tumbling injury.
      [usage and dosage] 6 ～ 12g.
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2、 Chemical constituents of Angelica sinensis
. The composition of volatile oil is complex. There are more than 10 kinds of hydrocarbons, including 3 terpenes, in the low boiling point part alone.

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; The unsaponifiable component contains sitosterol.

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5. the roots of angelicaacutilobavar.sugiyamahikino and angelicaacutilobavar.contain about 0.2% of volatile oil, including phthalideLigustilide(Ligustilide)、 Butylphthalide, cnidilide and isocnidide. In addition, it also contains sesquiterpenes, p-cymene, sucrose, vitamin B12, niacin, etc. The former also containsN-butyl phthalideButylphthalide and sedanolide. The volatile oil from the roots and fruits of the two Angelica species also contains butylalcohol and acetic acid. It has not been isolated in recent yearsLigustilide，Ferulic acid, succinic acid,Uracil nucleoside，adenine, a variety of amino acids, and a variety of trace metal elements, such as calcium, copper, zinc, iron, potassium, etc.

6. Chinese materia medica: the root contains about 0.3% volatile oil, and the oil mainly contains n-butylidenephthalide with special aroma, n-vakerophene-o-carboxyicacid, △ 2,4-dihydrophthalicanhydride and several sesquiterpenes.

7. it is reported that Angelica volatile oil mainly containsLigustilide(ligustilide)， .

8. the roots still contain vitamin B12, sucrose, fatty acids, folinic acid or citcmlibovorumfactor, nicotinic acid, biotin and other similar substances.

9. the water-soluble part of the root contains ferulicacid, succinic acid, nicotinic acidUracil nucleoside(uracil)、adenine(adenine)、Scopoletin Pavilion(scopoletin)、 Umbelliferone, vanillicacid and choline, and the ether soluble part contains falcarinol, falcarinolone and falcarindiol.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Angelica sinensis
1. effect on uterine smooth muscle
  1.2. in vivoUterine contraction inhibitionRole of
  1.3. effect on uterine canal
2. effect on cardiovascular system
  2.1. effects on the heart
  2.2. antiarrhythmic effect
  2.3. effects on coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen consumption
 
  2.5. hypolipidemic and anti experimental atherosclerosis effects.The effect of the treatment of atherosclerosis in rats with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in rats with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in rats with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in rats with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in rats with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in rats
3. effect on blood system
 
  3.2. antithrombotic effect
  3.3. impact on hematopoietic system
4. impact on the immune system
5. liver protection
6. anti tumor effect
7. anti radiation operation
8. analgesic effect
9. anti inflammatory effect
  9.1. effects on xylene induced ear swelling in mice
  9.2. effect on the increase of peritoneal capillary permeability induced by acetic acid in mice
  9.3. effects on rat footpad swelling induced by inflammatory agents
  9.4. effects on carrageenan foot pad swelling in adrenalectomized rats
  9.5. effect on histamine induced increase in skin capillary permeability in rats
  9.6. effect on PGE2 content in inflammatory tissues of rats
  9.7. effect on the proliferation of cotton ball granulation tissue in rats
  9.8. effect on the hemolytic activity of serum complement in guinea pigs
10. inhibitory effect on central nervous system
11. antibacterial effect