Fructus Kochiae
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Fructus Kochiae       This product is the dried and mature fruit of Kochia scoparia (L.) schrad., a Chenopodiaceae plant. The plants were harvested when the fruits matured in autumn, dried in the sun, and the fruits were laid to remove impurities.
      ; Peel off the perianth, and the membranous pericarp can be seen, which is translucent. The seeds are oblate ovoid, about 1mm long, black. The breath is slight, and the taste is slightly bitter.
      [identification] (1) the powder of this product is brown. The epidermal cells of perianth are polygonal, with indefinite stomata, and the parenchyma cells contain calcium titanate clusters. The pericarp cells are oblong or polygonal, with thin walls and wavy bends, containing numerous small square crystals of calcium oxalate. Seed coat cells are brown, polygonal or square like, and often wrinkled.
      (2) Take 1g of this product powder, add 10ml of methanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, and the filtrate is used as the test solution. . According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 µ l each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use chloroform methanol water (16:9:2) as the developing agent, develop, take out, air dry, spray 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution, and blow hot air until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same purple red spots appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control sample.
      [check] moisture   Not more than 14.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
      Total ash   Not more than 10.0% (general rule 2302).
      Acid insoluble ash   Not more than 3.0% (general rule 2302).
      [content determination] determine according to HPLC (general rule 0512).
      Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test   Octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was methanol water glacial acetic acid (85:15:0.2); Evaporative light scattering detector detection. The number of theoretical plates shall not be less than 3000 according to the peak of Kochia saponin IC.
      Preparation of reference solution   Take an appropriate amount of Kochia saponin IC reference substance, accurately weigh it, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml.
      Preparation of test solution   Take about 0.5g of this product powder (through No. 3 screen), weigh it accurately, place it in a corked conical flask, add 50ml of methanol precisely, close the stopper, weigh it, place it overnight, sonicate for 30 minutes, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with methanol, shake it well, filter it, and take the filtrate.
      Assay   Precisely suck 10 µ L and 20 µ l of the reference solution and 20 µ l of the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, determine them, and calculate them with the external standard two-point logarithmic equation.
      According to the calculation of dry product, the content of Kochia saponin IC (c41h64o13) shall not be less than 1.8%.
      . Return to kidney and bladder meridian.
      [functions and indications] clearing heat and dampness, dispelling wind and relieving itching. .
      [usage and dosage] 9 ～ 15g. For external use, use an appropriate amount, decoct the soup, smoke and wash.
      [storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moths.

2、 Chemical constituents of Fructus Kochiae
The fruit mainly contains triterpenoids and their glycosides, which have been isolated as follows:oleanolic acid Oleanolicacid), 3-O - [β - d-xylopyranosyl (1 → 3) β - D-glucopyranosyl] oleanolic acid

3、
1. bacteriostasis:

2. inhibition of allergy: the aqueous extract of Fructus Kochiae can inhibit the monocyte macrophage system and delayed type hypersensitivity reaction in mice.