Acorus tatarinowii
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Acorus tatarinowii       This product is the dried rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Schott, an Araceae plant. Excavate in autumn and winter, remove fibrous roots and sediment, and dry in the sun.
      [properties] this product is oblate cylindrical, curved, often branched, 3-20cm long, 0.3-1cm in diameter. The surface is brown or grayish brown, rough, with uneven density links. The internode is 0.2-0.8cm long, with fine longitudinal lines, and there are fibrous roots or dot like root marks left on one side; . It is hard, fibrous in cross section, white or reddish, with obvious endothelial ring, and most vascular bundle dots and brown oil cells can be seen. It is fragrant, bitter and pungent.
      [identification] (1) cross section of this product: the outer wall of epidermal cells is thickened, brown, and some contain reddish brown substances. The cortex is broad, scattered with fiber bundles and leaf trace vascular bundles; The leaf trace is tough outside the vascular bundle, and the sheath fibers of the vascular bundle are looped and lignified; The endothelial layer was evident. There were less sheath fibers in the vascular bundle of the pericycle type and outer tough type. There are calcium oxalate crystals in the cells around the fibers of fiber bundles and vascular bundles, forming crystal fibers. Round like oil cells were scattered in parenchyma; And contains starch granules.
      . The starch granules were spherical, oval or long oval in shape, with a diameter of 2-9 μ M; Compound granules consist of 2-20 (or more) fractions. The cells around the fiber bundles contain calcium oxalate crystals, forming crystal fibers. The calcium oxalate square crystals are polyhedral, polygonal like and biconical, with a diameter of 4 ～ 16 μ M. The secretory cells were oval or oblong, and the intracellular cavity was filled with yellow green, orange red or red secretions.
      (2) Take 0.2g of this product powder, add 20ml of petroleum ether (60 ～ 90 ℃), heat and reflux for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, and add 1ml of petroleum ether (60 ～ 90 ℃) to dissolve the residue as the test solution. Another 0.2g of Acorus tatarinowii control medicinal material was taken, and the control medicinal material solution was prepared by the same method. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), absorb 2 μ 1 each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate respectively, use petroleum ether (60 ～ 90 ℃) - ethyl acetate (4:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, place for about 1 hour, and inspect under the ultraviolet light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material; .
      [check] moisture   Not more than 13.0% (the fourth method of general rule 0832).
      Total ash   Not more than 10.0% (general rule 2302).
      [extract] according to the cold leaching method under the determination method of alcohol soluble extract (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, it shall not be less than 12.0%.
      [content determination] determine according to the volatile oil determination method (general rule 2204).
      The volatile oil content of this product shall not be less than 1.0% (ml/g).
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] remove impurities, wash, moisten, cut into thick pieces, and dry.
      This product is in oblate or strip-shaped thick film. The outer skin is brown or grayish brown, and some links and root marks can be seen. The cut surface is fibrous, white or reddish, with obvious ring lines and oil spots. It is fragrant, bitter and pungent.
      .
      [content determination] the content of volatile oil in the same medicinal material shall not be less than 0.7% (ml/g).
      [identification] (except for the transverse section) [inspection] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, bitter and warm. Homing and stomach meridian.
      . It is used for dizziness, epilepsy, forgetfulness and insomnia, tinnitus and deafness, epigastric ruffians not hungry, silent mouth and diarrhea.
      [usage and dosage] 3 ～ 10g.
      [storage] store in a dry place to prevent mold.


2、 Chemical constituents of Acorus tatarinowii
The rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii contains volatile oil, including α -, β - and γ - asarone, euasarone, CIS methylisosyringoeugenol, elemicin, asarylaldehyde, δ -cadinene, thymol, and myristic acid...The main ingredients of the product are as follows:the product is made from the following three ingredients: 1....................the product of the product is made from the following products: 1.0% of the product, 1.0% of the product, 1.0% of the product, 1.0% of the product, 1.0% of the product, 1.0.
The rhizome of Typha angustifolia contains volatile oil, among which: α - and β - asarone, asarone, cis-4-propylveratcmlibole is trans Methylisoeugenol, 4-allylveratcmlibole is methyleugenol, elemene, asarone aldehyde, bisasaricin, α - and β - Bicheng box cubeene, caryophyllene, β -gurjunene, eremophilene, nerolidol, Guaiol, gramenone, 1,2-dimethoxy-4 - (e-3-methyloxiranyl) benzene, 1,2,4-trimethoxy-5 - (e-3-methyloxiranyl) benzene, 1,2,4-trimethoxy-5 - (e-3-methyloxiranyl) benzene, etc.


3、 Pharmacological effects of Acorus tatarinowii
1. effect on central nervous system:
1.1. anticonvulsant effect
1.2. anticonvulsant effect
1.3. anti pentylenetetrazol clonic seizures
1.4. synergism between Acorus tatarinowii and thiopental sodium
1.5. effect of Acorus tatarinowii on spontaneous activity of mice
1.6. synergistic effect of asarone on subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium.The effect of asarone on the activity of pentobarbital sodium in mice was studied....the effect of pentobarbital sodium on the activity of pentobarbital sodium in mice with subthreshold dose of pentobarbi
1.7. effect of Acorus tatarinowii on the twisting reaction of mice induced by potassium antimony tartrate
1.8. intraperitoneal injection of α - asarone 24mg / kg in mice has no protective effect on the toxicity of aniline.
1.9. calm down
2. effects on digestive system: oral administration can promote the secretion of digestive juice and stop abnormal gastrointestinal fermentation, and has the effect of relaxing intestinal smooth muscle spasm.
3. promoting effect on learning and memory of mice:
3.1. effects on learning and memory of normal mice
3.1.1. effects on learning and memory acquisition ability of normal mice, indicating that Acorus tatarinowii can promote learning and memory acquisition of normal mice.
3.1.2. effect on memory consolidation ability of normal mice, indicating that Acorus tatarinowii has no promoting effect on memory consolidation ability of normal mice.
3.2. improving the memory impairment of mice caused by chemical drugs
3.2.1. effect of scopolamine on memory acquisition impairment
3.2.2. poor memory consolidation caused by sodium nitrite
3.2.3. effect on ethanol induced memory reappearance loss in mice
4. cooling effect
5. antispasmodic effect:
5.1. antispasmodic effect on isolated guinea pig trachea
5.2. antispasmodic effect on isolated guinea pig ileum
6. anti tumor effect