Aconite root
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Radix Aconiti Lateralis       This product is the dried tuber of the Araceae plant Typhonium Giganteum engl. Excavate in autumn, remove fibrous roots and skin, and dry in the sun.
      [properties] the product is oval or oval, 2-5cm long and 1-3cm in diameter. The surface is white to yellowish white, slightly rough, with ring marks and fibrous root marks, and the top has stem marks or bud marks. . The breath is slight, the taste is light, and the tongue is tingling.
      [identification] (1) cross section of this product: cork cells sometimes remain. The endothelial layer was not obvious. There are large mucus cavities scattered in the parenchyma, which are larger on the outside, often arranged in a ring, and gradually smaller and fewer toward the center. Mucus cells can be seen everywhere, containing calcium oxalate needle crystal bundles. Vascular bundles are scattered, outer tough type and peripheral wood type. Parenchyma cells contain numerous starch granules.
          The powder is yellowish white. ; The compound granules are composed of 2-12 fractions, with 2-4 fractions being the most common. Calcium oxalate needle crystals are scattered or exist in bundles in mucus cells. The needle crystals are about 97 (136) µ m long, and the diameter of threaded conduit and annular conduit is 9-45 µ M.
      (2) Take 10g of this product powder, put it into Soxhlet extractor, add 100ml of trichloromethane methanol (3:1) mixed solution, heat and reflux for 2 hours, evaporate the extraction solution, add 2ml of acetone to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. In addition, 10g of the control medicinal material of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata was prepared into the control medicinal material solution by the same method. Then take β - sitosterol reference substance and add acetone to make a solution containing 1mg per 1ml as the reference solution. . In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots or fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample.
      [check] moisture   Not more than 15.0% (the second method of general rule 0832)
      Total ash   Not more than 4.0% (general rule 2302).
      [extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), 70% ethanol shall be used as solvent, which shall not be less than 7.0%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] raw white aconite   Remove impurities.
      [character], [identification], [inspection], [extract] are the same as medicinal materials.
      Processed white aconite   Take pure aconite, separate it into small and large ones, soak it, and change the water 2-3 times a day. If it becomes sticky after a few days, add alum after changing the water (2kg of alum for every 100kg of aconite), and then change the water after soaking for 1 day, until it tastes slightly numb, and take it out. Put ginger slices and alum powder into the pot and add appropriate amount of water. After boiling, add white aconite and boil until there is no white heart. Remove the ginger slices, air them to 60% or 70% dry, cut thick slices and dry them.
      For every 100kg of white aconite, 12.5kg of ginger and 12.5kg of alum are used respectively.
      This product is a kind of round or oval thick film, with light brown skin, yellow cut surface and horny skin. The taste is light, slightly numb tongue.
      . Gelatinized starch granules and clumps are almost white. Calcium oxalate needle crystals are bundled or scattered, with needle crystal length of 97-136 µ m and diameter of 9-45 µ m for threaded conduit and annular conduit.
      (2) Same as medicinal materials [identification] (2).
      ; No more than 13.0% for the same medicinal materials.
      [extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, it shall not be less than 15.0%.
      [inspection] (total ash) is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, warm; Toxic. Return to stomach and liver channels.
      [functions and indications] dispel wind and phlegm, calm convulsions, detoxify and disperse knots, and relieve pain. It is used for stroke, phlegm retention, mouth and eye deviation, language astringency, convulsion, epilepsy, tetanus, phlegm convulsion headache, migraine headache, scrofula and sputum core, and venomous snake bite.
      [usage and dosage] 3 ～ 6G. Generally used after processing, mash a proper amount of raw products for external use, boil cream or grind it, and apply it to the affected part with wine.
      [note] pregnant women should use it with caution; Be careful when taking raw products orally.
      [storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moths.

2、 Chemical constituents of aconite
Tuber containsβ - sitosterolβ - sitosterol, β - sitosterol-d-glucoside, meso inositol, choline,Uracil(uracil)，Succinic acid(succinicacid)，l-tyrosine (L-tyrosine)，L-valine (L-valine)，palmitic acid(palmiticacid)， Linoleic acid, OLEICACID, linolein, dipalmitin. It also contains typhoniumgiganteumlectin.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata
1. anti arrhythmia:
2. anti inflammatory and analgesic
3. effect on blood system
4. Toxicity: the LD50 of Guanfu a intraperitoneal injection in mice was 421.69 ± 22.49mg/kg.