Baiji
1、 Baiji pharmacopoeia standard       This product is the dried tuber of orchid plant Bletilla striata (thunb.) reichb.f. Excavate in summer and autumn, remove fibrous roots, wash, boil or steam in boiling water until there is no white heart, dry in the sun until half dry, remove the skin, and dry in the sun.
      [properties] the product is irregular oblate, with 2-3 claw like branches, 1.5-5cm long and 0.5-1.5cm thick. The surface is gray or yellowish white, with several circles of concentric links and brown punctate fibrous root marks, with a raised stem mark on the top and a trace connecting another tuber on the bottom. It is hard and not easy to break. The cross section is white and horny. The breath is weak, the taste is bitter, and the chewing is sticky.
      [identification] (1) the powder of this product is yellowish white. . Calcium oxalate needle crystal bundles exist in large round like mucus cells, or are scattered everywhere. The needle crystals are 18-88 µ m long. The fibers are in bundles, 11-30 µ m in diameter, with wooded walls and herringbone or oval pits; Siliceous block cells are small, located around fibers, and arranged in vertical rows. The diameter of ladder shaped duct, marginal pit duct and threaded duct is 10-32 µ M. the gelatinized starch granules are colorless.
      (2) Take 2G of this product powder, add 20ml of 70% methanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 10ml of water to dissolve the residue, shake with diethyl ether and extract twice, 20ml each time, combine the diethyl ether solution, volatilize to 1ml, and use it as the test solution. Take another 1g of white and control medicinal materials, and prepare the control medicinal material solution by the same method. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5-10 µ l of the test solution and 5 µ l of the control medicinal material solution, respectively dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use cyclohexane ethyl acetate methanol (6:2.5:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution, heat at 105 ℃ for several minutes, and place for 30-60 minutes. ; The same brownish red fluorescent spots are visible under the UV light (365nm).
      [check] moisture   .
        Total ash   .
        Sulfur dioxide residue   According to the determination method of sulfur dioxide residue (general rule 2331), it shall not exceed 4oomg/kg.
        Decoction pieces
      [processing] wash, moisten, slice and dry.
        The product is in irregular flakes. The outer skin is grayish white or yellowish white. The cut surface is white, horny, translucent, and the vascular bundles are small punctate and scattered. Brittle. The breath is weak, the taste is bitter, and the chewing is sticky.
      [identification] [inspection] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] bitter, sweet, astringent, slightly cold. .
      [functions and indications] astringent and hemostatic, detumescence and muscle regeneration. It is used for hemoptysis, hematemesis, trauma bleeding, sores, swelling and poison, and chapped skin.
      [usage and dosage] 6 ～ 15g; Swallow 3 ～ 6G of ground powder. Use it appropriately externally.
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2、 Baiji chemical composition
The main components of tubers areBletillagin（Militarine）； Bibenzyl containing compounds: 3,3 '- dihydroxy-2', 6 '- bis (p-hydroxybenzyl) - 5-methoxybibenzyl [3,3' - dihydroxy-2 ', 6' - bid (p-hydroxybezyl) - 5-methoxybibenzyl], 2,6-bis (p-hydroxybenzyl) - 3 ', 5-dimethoxy-3-hydroxybibenzyl [2,6-bis (p-hydroxybenzyl) -3', 5-dimethoxy-3-hydroxybibenzyl], 3, 3'- dihydroxy-5-methoxy-2,5 ', 6-tris (p-hydroxybenzyl) bibenzyl [3,3' - dihydroxy-5-methoxy-2,5 ', 6-tris (p-hydroxybenzoyl) bibenzyl] 3,3', 5-methoxybibenzyl (3, 3',5-trimethoxybibenzyl）, 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl; Phenanthrene compounds: 4,7-dihydroxy-1-p-hydroxybenzyl-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, 4,7-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, 4,7-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, 3- (p-hydroxybenzyl) - 4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, 7-diol [3- (p-hydroxybenzyl) - 4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diol], 1,6-bis (p-hydroxybenzyl) - 4-methoxy-9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diol [1,6-bis (p-hydroxybenzyl) - 4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diol], 2,4,7-trimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene; Diphenyl compounds: blestriarene a, B, C, blestrianol a, B, C; Diphenyl ether compounds: blestrin a, B, CD; Dihydrophenanthropyrans: bletillol a, B, C; ; Phenanthrene glycosides: 2,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2-o-glucoside, 2,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2,7-o-diglucoside, 3,7-dihydroxy-2,4-methoxyphenanthrene-3-o-glucoside 2,4-dimethoyxphenanthrene-3-o-glucoside), 2,7-dihydroxy-1 - (4'- hydroxybenzyl) -9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene-4-o-glucoside [2,7-dihydroxy-1- (4'-hydroxybenzyl) -9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-4-glucoside]; Other phenanthrene compounds: 1-p-hydroxybenzyl-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol, 1,8-Bis (p-hydroxybenzyl) - 4-methoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol, 2,4,7-trimethoxyphenanthrene ene), 2,3,4,7-tetramethoxyphenanthrene; Benzyl compounds: batatasin Ⅲ 3 '- o-methylbatatasin Ⅲ; Anthracene compounds:Emodin methyl ether（physcioin）。 It also contains acid components: P-hydroxybenzoicacid,Protocatechuic acid（protocatechuicacid），cinnamic acid（cinnamic acid）； Aldehydes: p-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Fresh tubers also contain bletillamanan, a glucomannan composed of 4 parts of mannose and 1 part of glucose.

3、 Pharmacological action of Baiji
1. hemostatic effect
2. protect gastric mucosa
2.2. therapeutic effect on experimental gastric and duodenal perforation
3. prevention of intestinal adhesion in laboratory animals
4. antibacterial and antifungal effects
5. anticancer and anticancer effects