Morinda officinalis
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Morinda officinalis       This product is the dried root of Morinda officinalis how, a Rubiaceae plant. It can be dug all year round, washed, removed fibrous roots, dried to 60% or 70%, gently flattened and dried in the sun.
      ; It is tough, with thick skin on the section, purple or lavender, which is easy to peel off from the wood; The wood is hard, yellowish brown or yellowish white, with a diameter of 1-5mm. It is slightly gassy and tastes sweet and slightly astringent.
      [identification] (1) cross section of this product: the cork layer is a series of cells. The stone cells on the outer side of the inner layer of the plug are single or several groups, intermittently arranged in a ring; Parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate needle crystal bundles arranged tangentially. The phloem is broad, and the medial parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate needle crystal bundles, which are arranged axially. The cambium is obvious. Xylem vessels are scattered or 2-3 clustered in a radial arrangement, with a diameter of 105 μ M; Wood fiber is relatively developed; Wood ray width 1-3 rows of cells; .
      Powder lavender or purplish brown. . Calcium oxalate needle crystals exist in bundles in parenchyma cells, and the needle crystals grow to 184 μ M. The vessels with marginal pits are light yellow, with a diameter of 105 μ m, and the marginal pits are fine and dense. The fibrous tracheids are long fusiform, with large marginal pits, and the pits are inclined to seam or intersect in the shape of adult and cross.
      (2) Take 2.5G of this product powder, add 25ml of ethanol, heat and reflux for 1 hour, cool, filter, and concentrate the filtrate to 1ml as the test solution. Another 2.5G of Morinda officinalis reference medicinal material was prepared into the reference medicinal material solution by the same method. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 10 μ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel gf254 thin-layer plate respectively, use toluene ethyl acetate formic acid (8:2:0.1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and view under the UV light (254nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color appear on the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
      [check] moisture   .
      Total ash   Not more than 6.0% (general rule 2302).
      .
      [content determination] determine according to HPLC (general rule 0512).
      Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test   ; Methanol water (3:97) was used as mobile phase; Evaporative light scattering detector detection. The number of theoretical plates shall not be less than 2000 according to the Nessler peak.
      Preparation of reference solution   Take an appropriate amount of Nessler reference substance, weigh it accurately, add mobile phase to make a solution containing 0.2mg per 1ml.
      Preparation of test solution   Take 0.5g of this product powder (passing through No. 3 screen), weigh it accurately, place it in a conical flask with a stopper, add 50ml of mobile phase precisely, weigh it, heat it in a boiling water bath for 30 minutes, cool it, weigh it again, use the mobile phase to make up for the lost weight, shake it well, place it, take the supernatant, filter it, and take the filtrate.
      Assay   Accurately suck 10 μ L and 30 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, determine them, and calculate them with the logarithm equation of the external standard two-point method.
      According to the calculation of dry products, the content of Nessler (c24h42o21) shall not be less than 2.0%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] Morinda officinalis   Remove impurities.
      [character], [identification], [inspection], [extract], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
      Morinda meat   Take Morinda officinalis, evaporate thoroughly according to the steaming method (general rule 0213), remove the wood core while hot, cut into sections, and dry.
      . The surface is grayish yellow or dark gray, with longitudinal and transverse cracks. The cut skin is thick, purple or lavender, hollow. The breath is slight, and the taste is sweet and slightly astringent.
      [identification] (except for cross section and microscopic powder) [inspection] [extract] [content determination] are the same as that of medicinal materials.
      Morinda officinalis   Take Morinda officinalis, evaporate it thoroughly according to the salt steaming method (general rule 0213), remove the wood core while it is hot, cut it into sections, and dry it.
      . The surface is grayish yellow or dark gray, with longitudinal and transverse cracks. The cut skin is thick, purple or lavender, hollow. The air is slight, and the taste is sweet, salty and slightly astringent.
      [identification] (except for cross-section and microscopic powder) [inspection] (moisture) [extract] [content determination] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      Making Morinda officinalis   Take licorice, mash it, add water to fry the soup, remove the residue, add pure Morinda officinalis, mix well, cook thoroughly according to the cooking method (general rule 0213), remove the wood core while hot, cut it into sections, and dry it.
      For every 100kg of Morinda officinalis, use 6kg of licorice.
      . The surface is grayish yellow or dark gray, with longitudinal and transverse cracks. The cut skin is thick, purple or lavender, hollow. The breath is slight, and the taste is sweet and slightly astringent.
      [identification] (except for cross section and microscopic powder) [inspection] [extract] [content determination] are the same as that of medicinal materials.
      [nature, taste and lightness] sweet, pungent, mild. Return to kidney and liver channels.
      [functions and indications] Tonify Kidney Yang, strengthen muscles and bones, and dispel wind and dampness. It is used for impotence and spermatorrhea, uterine cold infertility, irregular menstruation, cold and painful abdomen, rheumatism and arthralgia, and flaccid muscles and bones.
      [usage and dosage] 3 ～ 10g.
      [storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent mold and moth.


2、 Chemical constituents of Morinda officinalis
The root contains anthraquinones:Methyl isoalizarin(rubiadin)、 Rubiadin-1-methylether,Emodin methyl ether(physcion)， 2-hydroxy-3-hydroxy-ymethylanthraquinone, 1-hydroxyanthraquinone, 1-hydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone, 1,6-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethoxyanthraquinone, 1,6-dihydroxy-2-methoxyanthraquinone thraquinone), 2-Methylanthraquinone, and iridoid components;Cymbidium glycoside(monoTCMLIBopein)， Asperulosidetetcmlibaacetate. It also contains glucose, mannose,β - sitosterol(β-sitosterol)，palmitic acid(palmiticacid)。 Vitamin C, Nonadecane, 24 ethyl cholesterol. The root bark contains 23 elements such as zinc, manganese, iron and chromium.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Morinda officinalis
1. increasing body weight and anti fatigue effect: male Kunming white mice weighing 16-18g were selected and divided into four groups according to their body weight. The blank group was gavaged with 20ml/kg distilled water every day, and the administration group was gavaged with 20ml/kg Morinda officinalis decoction, which was administered for ll days continuously. Before the experiment, each group took medicine once more. Five mice were put into the swimming test each time. Before the experiment, they were weighed and loaded according to 5% of the actual weight. The results showed that Morinda officinalis could significantly increase the weight of mice and prolong the continuous swimming time.

; 0.05, p< 0.001, p< After intraperitoneal injection of Morinda officinalis warm extract 10g/ (kg.d), thymus atrophy was also very significant (p< 0.001). According to the method reported by qiaozhisheng, 2-day-old Kunming white mice were taken, both male and female, and blood was divided according to body weight. The positive control group was given 0.2% (g/ml) vitamin B4 solution 0.6ml per mouse per day by gavage. The medication group was given Morinda officinalis Decoction for 10 consecutive days. The body weight was weighed 24 hours after the last administration, the blood was taken from the tail tip, the number of white blood cells was counted, and the animals were sacrificed, and the thymus was weighed. The results also proved that Morinda officinalis had the function of inhibiting thymus atrophy and increasing the number of white blood cells in mice.

3. effects on accessory organs: the crude extract of Morinda officinalis was orally administered to rats or mice for 14-15 days, without assimilation effect (taking the weight of body weight, levator ani muscle or sponge ball muscle or the weight increase of mouse kidney as the index), nor androgen like effect (taking the weight increase of seminal vesicle as the index).

4. corticosterone secretion promoting effect: ICR male mice weighing about 35g were used to measure the amount of corticosterone in blood according to the diamondstone method. Morinda officinalis aqueous extract (1g/kg) was orally administered. The results showed that the activity of glucocorticoid enzyme marker enzyme liver AIP significantly increased, and intraperitoneal injection also showed more Tat (tyrosine aminotransferase) activity, indicating that Morinda officinalis extract has the effect of increasing the content of corticosterone in blood, and its activity may be caused by the stimulation of pituitary adrenal cortical system.

5. hypotensive effect: the extract of morindalucida, a plant belonging to the same genus, has a significant hypotensive effect on anesthetized cats and on non anesthetized rats, but it has a short duration, and has some sedative and diuretic effects.

6. anti inflammatory effect: warm extract 50, 60g/kg by gavage or 10g/kg by intraperitoneal injection can inhibit granuloma of plastic ring in rats; Intragastric administration of warm extract at 25 and 50g/kg could not prolong the survival time of adrenalectomized young rats; Intragastric administration of warm extract 350mg/kg had no effect on increasing hepatic glycogen accumulation in adrenalectomized starved mice, suggesting that Morinda officinalis may have a renal corticosteroid like effect.