1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of presbyopia This product is the dried and nearly mature fruit of Akebia quinata (thunb.) decne., Akebia trifoliata (thunb.) koidz., or Akebia trifoliata (thunb.) koidz. var. australis (Diels) rehd., a plant of the family Akebia. The fruits are harvested in summer and autumn when they are green and yellow, dried in the sun, or placed in boiling water and slightly scalded before drying.
[properties] this product is kidney shaped or long oval, slightly curved, 3-9cm long, 1.5-3.5cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish brown or dark brown, with irregular deep wrinkles, blunt top, and fruit stem marks at the base. It is hard, and the pulp is yellowish or yellowish brown after breaking; The seeds are mostly oblong ovate, yellowish brown or purplish brown, shiny, with strip texture. It smells slightly fragrant and tastes bitter.
[identification] (1) the powder of this product is yellowish brown. There are many stone cells in the pericarp, which are polygonal, oblong or irregular in shape, with a diameter of 13-90 μ M. the wall is thick, and the pits and pore grooves are obvious. Laminar striations can be seen, and some cell cavities contain calcium oxalate crystals. . The epidermal cells of seed coat are yellowish brown, oblong like, and 6-16 μ m in diameter. Pericarp epidermal cells are polygonal on the surface, and some of the cell cavities contain yellowish brown substances.
(2) Take 10ml of the continued filtrate under [content determination], evaporate it to dryness, and add 1ml of methanol to dissolve the residue as the test solution. Take another 1g of the control medicinal material of presbycusum and prepare the control medicinal material solution in the same way. Then take the reference substance of α - Ivy saponin and add methanol to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml as the reference solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 μ 1 each of the above three solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use the lower layer solution of chloroform methanol water (13:4:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution, heat at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample.
[inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 11.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
The total ash content shall not exceed 6.5% (general rule 2302).
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Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was acetonitrile water phosphoric acid (45:55:0.1); The detection wavelength was 203nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 5000 according to the peak of α - Ivy saponin.
Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of α - Ivy saponin reference, accurately weigh it, and add methanol to make a solution containing 40 μ g per 1ml, i.e.
Preparation of test solution take about 1g of powder (passing through No. 4 screen), weigh accurately, place in a corked conical flask, add 100ml of 75% methanol precisely, close the stopper, weigh, sonicate (power 300W, frequency 50KHz) for 30 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up the lost weight with 75% methanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.
The determination method is to precisely suck 20 μ l of the reference solution and 20 μ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
According to the calculation of dry product, the content of α - Ivy saponin (c42h66o12) shall not be less than 0.20%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] wash and dry. Break with time.
[character], [identification], [inspection], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
. It belongs to the liver, gallbladder, stomach and bladder channels.
[functions and indications] soothe the liver and regulate qi, activate blood circulation, relieve pain, disperse nodules, and diuresis. It is used for abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea and amenorrhea, phlegm and swelling, and urination.
[usage and dosage] 3 ~ 9g.
[storage] store in a ventilated and dry place.

2、 Chemical composition of presbyterium

containoleanolic acid , QiTundrolic acid-3-o - β - D glucose (1 → 3) - α - L-rhamnose (1 → 2) - α - l-arabinosideIn addition, it contains Akebia saponins, such as STC and STD, and the aglycone is ivy.

3、 Pharmacological action of presbyteria

; It has anticancer effect and can be used to treat breast cancer and digestive system cancer clinically. The dosage of decocting is 6-12g. It can be used together with other drugs. It tastes cold and bitter.