1、 Guizhi pharmacopoeia standard
This product is the dried shoots of Cinnamomum cassia Presl, a Lauraceae plant. Harvest in spring and summer, remove leaves, dry in the sun, or slice and dry in the sun.
[character] this product is long cylindrical, multi branched, 30-75cm long, and 0.3-lcm thick end diameter. The surface is reddish brown to brown, with longitudinal lines, fine wrinkles, small pimple like leaf marks, branch marks and bud marks, and lenticels in punctate shape. . The slice is 2-4mm thick, the cut skin is reddish brown, the wood is yellowish white to light yellowish brown, and the pulp is slightly square. It has special aroma, sweet and pungent taste, and strong skin flavor.
[identification] (1) cross section of this product: 1 column of epidermal cells, single-cell non glandular hairs can sometimes be seen on twigs. There were 3-5 rows of cork cells, and the outer wall of the innermost row was thickened. There are oil cells and stone cells scattered in the cortex. . There are secretory cells and fibers scattered in phloem. The cambium is obvious. Xylem ray width 1-2 rows of cells, containing brown matter; A single hash or 2 to several convergence of ducts; The wood fiber wall is thin, which is not easy to distinguish from the wood parenchyma cells. The pulp cell wall is slightly thick and lignified. Fine calcium oxalate crystals were occasionally seen in X-ray cells.
Powder reddish brown. . The phloem fibers are mostly in bundles or scattered individually, colorless or brown, fusiform, and some have toothed edges, with a diameter of 12-40 μ M. the wall is very thick, lignified, and the pore groove is not obvious. The oil cells are round or oval in shape, with a diameter of 41 ～ 104 μ M. Wood fibers are numerous, often in bundles, with twill holes or intersecting into a cross. Cork cells are yellowish brown, polygonal in appearance, and contain reddish brown substances. The catheter is mainly a marginal pit with a diameter of about 76 μ M.
(2) Take 0.5g of this product powder, add 10ml of ethanol, tightly plug, soak for 20 minutes, shake constantly, filter, and take the filtrate as the test solution. In addition, take cinnamaldehyde reference substance and add ethanol to make a solution containing 1 μ l per 1ml as the reference substance solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 10 ～ 15 μ l of the test solution and 2 μ l of the control solution, respectively dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use petroleum ether (60 ～ 90 ℃) - ethyl acetate (17:3) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and spray dinitrophenylhydrazine ethanol test solution. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same orange red spots appear at the positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the control sample.
(3) Take 2G of this product powder, add 10ml of ether, soak for 30 minutes, shake constantly, filter, volatilize the filtrate, add 1ml of trichloromethane to dissolve the residue as the test solution. Another 2G of Ramulus Cinnamomi reference medicinal material was prepared into the reference medicinal material solution by the same method. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 15 μ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, make them into strips, develop them with petroleum ether (60 ～ 90 ℃) - ethyl acetate (17:3), take them out, dry them, spray vanillin sulfuric acid test solution, heat them at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color appear on the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
[inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 12.0% (the fourth method of general rule 0832).
The total ash content shall not exceed 3.0% (general rule 2302).
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the determination method of alcohol soluble extract (general rule 2201), the use of ethanol as solvent shall not be less than 6.0%.
[content determination] determine according to high performance liquid chromatography (general rule 0512).
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; Acetonitrile water (32:68) was used as mobile phase; The detection wavelength was 290nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 3000 according to the cinnamaldehyde peak.
Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of cinnamaldehyde reference, weigh accurately, add methanol to make a solution containing 10 μ g per 1ml.
Preparation of test solution take about 0.5g of powder (passing through No. 4 screen), accurately weigh it, place it in a corked conical flask, precisely add 25ml of methanol, weigh it, sonicate (power 250W, frequency 40KHz) for 30 minutes, cool it, weigh it again, use methanol to make up for the weight loss, shake it well, filter it, accurately measure 1ml of continuous filtrate, place it in a 25ml measuring flask, add methanol to the scale, shake it well, and get it.
The determination method is to precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
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Decoction pieces
[processing] remove impurities, wash, moisten, cut into thick pieces, and dry.
This product is a thick round or oval shaped piece. . The cut skin is reddish brown, the wood is yellowish white or light yellowish brown, and the pulp is round or slightly square, with a special aroma, sweet and pungent.
[identification] (except for the transverse section) [inspection] [extract] [content determination] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, sweet and warm. Homing, lung and bladder channels.
. It is used for wind cold and cold, cold pain in the abdomen, blood cold and amenorrhea, arthralgia, phlegm, edema, palpitations, galloping dolphin.
[usage and dosage] 3 ～ 10g.
[note] pregnant women should use it with caution.
[storage] store in a cool and dry place.

2、 Chemical constituents of Ramulus Cinnamomi

Ramulus Cinnamomi contains 0.69% volatile oil, and the main components in the oil areCinnamaldehyde64.75%, and benzyl benzoate, cinnamyl acetate, β - piperone, changputene,coumarinEt al.

3、

1. antibacterial effect: the alcohol extract of Ramulus Cinnamomi can inhibit Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro, and the effective concentration is 25mg/ml or less; It also has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus albicans, Shigella dysenteriae, typhoid and paratyphoid A, pneumococcus, aerogenic bacillus, proteus, anthrax, Salmonella enteritidis, Vibrio cholerae, etc. (plate digging method).

2. antiviral effect: Guizhi Decoction (1 ∶ 20) has inhibitory effect on Asian influenza A Jingke 68-l strain and orphan virus (echo11) in the tissue culture of human embryonic kidney primary monolayer epithelial cells. On chicken embryo, it has inhibitory effect on influenza virus, and 70% alcohol extract is better.

3. diuretic effect: intravenous injection of Wuling powder containing Guizhi at 0.25g/kg can significantly increase the urine output of anesthetized dogs, and the diuretic effect of Guizhi intravenous injection (0.029g/kg) alone is more significant than that of other four drugs alone, so it is considered that Guizhi is one of the main diuretic components in Wuling powder, and its mode of action may be similar to mercury salley.