1、
This product is the dried rhizome of Polygonum bistorta L. When sprouting in early spring or withering in autumn, the stems and leaves are dug to remove the sediment, dried in the sun, and fibrous roots.
[properties] this product is oblate long strip or oblate cylindrical, curved, and some are bent in pairs, with slightly sharp ends or tapering ends, 6-13cm long and 1-2.5cm in diameter. The surface is purplish brown or purplish black, rough, raised on one side, slightly flat or slightly grooved on the other side, and all are densely covered with coarse ring patterns, with residual fibrous roots or root marks. It is hard, with light brownish red or brownish red section, and the vascular bundles are yellow white punctate, arranged in a ring. It tastes bitter and astringent.
. Cork cells are polygonal and contain brownish red substances. There are many calcium oxalate clusters with a diameter of 15 ～ 65 μ M. The diameter of the conduit with marginal pits is 20 ～ 55 μ m, and there are also reticulated conduit and threaded conduit. The fiber is long fusiform, with a diameter of 10-20 μ M. the wall is thick, lignified, and the pore groove is obvious. The starch granules are oval, oval or quasi round in shape, with a diameter of 5-12 μ M.
(2) Take 0.5g of this product powder, add 20ml of methanol, sonicate for 15 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 5ml of methanol to dissolve the residue as the test solution. Take another 0.5g of the control medicinal material of Panax japonicus and prepare the control medicinal material solution by the same method. Then take gallic acid reference substance and add methanol to make a solution containing 1mg per 1ml as the reference substance solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 μ l of each of the above three solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use dichloromethane ethyl acetate formic acid (5:4:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and smoke in ammonia vapor until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample.
[inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 15.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
The total ash content shall not exceed 9.0% (general rule 2302).
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; Use 0.05% phosphoric acid methanol solution as mobile phase A and 0.05% phosphoric acid solution as mobile phase B, and perform gradient elution according to the following table; The detection wavelength was 272nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 6000 according to the gallic acid peak.
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Time (min) mobile phase a (%) mobile phase B (%)
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0～7 10→5 90→95
7～15 5→18 95→82
15～20 18 82
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Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of gallic acid reference, weigh accurately, add 30% methanol to make a solution containing 20 μ g per 1ml.
Preparation of test solution take about 0.25g of the powder (passing through No. 5 screen), weigh it accurately, place it in a corked conical flask, add 25ml of 30% methanol precisely, close the stopper, weigh it, soak it for 1 hour, sonicate it (power 250W, frequency 45khz) for 20 minutes, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with 30% methanol, shake it well, filter it, and take the filtrate.
The determination method is to precisely suck 20 μ l of the reference solution and 20 μ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
According to the calculation of dry product, the content of gallic acid (C7H6O5) shall not be less than 0.12%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] remove impurities, wash, soak slightly, moisten thoroughly, cut thin, and dry. This product is a round or kidney shaped thin slice. The outer skin is purple brown or purple black. .
[identification], [inspection], [extract], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] bitter, astringent and slightly cold. It belongs to lung, liver and large intestine channels.
[functions and indications] it can clear away heat, detoxify, reduce swelling and stop bleeding. It is used for diarrhea due to dysentery and heat, cough due to lung heat, carbuncle, swelling, scrofula, sore mouth and tongue, vomiting due to blood heat, hemorrhoids bleeding, snake and insect bites.
[usage and dosage] 5 ～ 10g. Suitable for external use.
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2、

Rhizome of Panax japonicus containsgallic acid、Ellagic acidAnd hydrolysable tannins and condensed tannins. It also contains d-catechol,Epicatechin, 6-galloylglucose, 3,6-digalate glucose. It also contains hydroxymethyl anthraquinone, vitamins [β - sitosterolIsomers of, etc. Whole grass containschlorogenic acid，caffeic acid，Protocatechuic acidandHyperin。

3、 Pharmacological action of Panax japonicus

Zhixuejing No. 1, made of Quanshen percolation liquid and gelatin, has certain hemostatic effect when used in various hemostatic experiments in dogs and sheep. It has antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, etc. in vitro. The median lethal dose of intraperitoneal injection of the extract (100%) of this product into mice is 0.33g/kg; Xuezhijing was injected into the abdominal cavity of rabbits (0.2g/kg) for observation for 5 days. After 30 days of dissection, no abnormality was found. Xuezhijing 1 tissue was buried and could be absorbed. It is preliminarily proved that it has certain hemostatic and anti-inflammatory effects.