1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of South crane louse
This product is the dried and mature fruit of Daucus Carota L., an Umbelliferae plant. When the fruit is ripe in autumn, the fruit branches are cut, dried in the sun, and the fruit is laid to remove impurities.
[character] this product is a double hanging fruit, oval in shape, split into split fruits, with a length of 3-4mm and a width of 1.5-2.5mm. The surface is light green brown or brownish yellow, with style residues at the top, a blunt base, a bulge on the back, with 4 narrow winged secondary ribs, a row of yellow white barbs densely growing on the wings, with a thorn length of about 1.5mm, and an inconspicuous main rib at the depression between the secondary ribs, with scattered pubescence on it, a flat joint surface, 3 veins, and pilose on it. The seed kernel is white and oily. Light body. When crushed, it has a special aroma, and the taste is slightly pungent and bitter.
[identification] (1) cross section of the fruit: 1 row of exocarp cells, non glandular hairs differentiated into single cells at the main edge, 86-390 μ m long. The mesocarp has large oil tubes, one at the base of the secondary ridge, two at the joint surface, oblate and oblong, with a diameter of 50-120 μ m, containing yellowish brown oil droplets; There are fine vascular bundles in the inner side of the main ridge: the endocarp is a row of flat parenchyma cells. Seed coat cells contain reddish brown material. .
(2) Take 1g of this product powder, add 20ml of ether, soak it overnight, filter it, volatilize the filtrate, add 1ml of ether to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. In addition, 1g of the control drug of South crane lice was taken and made into the control drug solution by the same method. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), absorb 1 ～ 2 μ l of each of the above two solutions, respectively dot on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use toluene ethyl acetate formic acid (8:1:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and view under the ultraviolet light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material; .
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] bitter, pungent and peaceful; There is little poison. Return to spleen and stomach meridian.
[function and indications] kill insects and eliminate accumulated products. For ascariasis, pinworm disease, tapeworm disease, abdominal pain caused by worm accumulation, and infantile malnutrition.
[usage and dosage] 3 ～ 9g.
[storage] store in a ventilated and dry place.

2、 Chemical constituents of Hemiptera nanensis

; The cultivated fruit contains 0.6% - 2.1% of volatile oil, 9% - 63% of carotol, 0-48% of geranyl acetate, and 2.5% - 20% of epoxydihydrocaryophyllin. However, the wild fruit volatile oil mainly contains geranyl acetate but not carotenol. The study of fruits in different regions shows that the composition of volatile oil is very different. The content of geranyl acetate and carotenol in different samples varies between 0-80%, and the other the ingredients areLinalool(linalool)， Limonene, bergamotene, α - and β - pinene, thymol, daucene,Elemene， α - curcumene; The fruit also contains flavonoids, sugars, quaternary ammonium alkaloids (possibly acetylcholine), amino acids, daucusin, sterols, and components that dilate coronary arteries. The content and composition of volatile oil from seeds of different origins or varieties vary greatly. Seeds from the north Caucasus contain about 2% of volatile oil, general samples contain about 30% of phorbol acetate, about 20% of l-sabinene, β - pinene and a polycyclic sesquiterpene, sometimes the content of phorbol acetate can reach 50%. It is also reported that the content of volatile oil from seeds from Italy is low (0.66% - 1.65%), and carotenol is the main reason for the oil aroma. It is reported that the volatile oil from seeds from Italy is rich in carotenol, monoterpenes and hydrocarbons it was reported that the volatile oil of seeds was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography, and 23 components were identified, including 9 components newly reported at that time, namely camphene, α - Terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, ,Borneol acetateBornyl acetate, γ -decalactone, β -selinene, α -agurjunene and coumarin, and daucol was also reported in other literatures. The fatty oil content of seeds is 24.9%, and its fatty acid composition includes petrosolic acid 51.24%, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid,Myristic acid(myristicacid) andpalmitic acid(palmitic acid)。

3、 Pharmacological effects of the southern crane louse (Hemiptera: Hemiptera: Hemiptera))the study of the pharmacological effects of Hemiptera striata (Hemiptera: Hemiptera: Hemiptera: Hemiptera: Hemiptera: Hemi

1. effect on cardiovascular system: the alcohol extract of wild carrot fruit has dilating effect on isolated cat heart coronary artery. Glycosides in seeds have a short-term antihypertensive effect on anesthetized dogs.

2. effect on smooth muscle: the alcohol extract of wild carrot seed shows relaxation effect on isolated smooth muscle of guinea pig and rat small intestine, rat uterus, cat bronchus, etc. The glycosides in the seeds can relax the small intestine and nonpregnant uterus of rats and rabbits, and the leaf extract can contract the uterus of pregnant or nonpregnant cats and guinea pigs.

3. other effects: the glycoside components of wild carrot seeds can inhibit the respiration of anesthetized dogs; It has mild protective effect on frog convulsion caused by strychnine and pentylenetetrazol.