1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Nansha ginseng
This product is the dried root of Adenophora tetraphylla (thunb.) Fisch or Adenophora stricta miq., a plant of Platycodon family. Excavate in spring and autumn, remove the fibrous roots, scrape off the rough skin while fresh after washing, wash and dry.
[properties] this product is conical or cylindrical, slightly curved, 7-27cm long, 0.8-3cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish white or light brownish yellow, and there is often residual coarse skin in the depression. There are many deep-seated horizontal lines in the upper part, showing intermittent rings, and longitudinal lines and grooves in the lower part. . It is light, loose and foamy, easy to break, with uneven section, yellowish white, and many cracks. The air is slight, and the taste is slightly sweet.
[identification] (1) the powder of this product is grayish yellow. . The segmented ducts are often connected into a network. Inulin crystals are fan-shaped, quasi circular or irregular.
(2) Take 2G of crude powder of this product, add 20ml of water, heat it in a water bath for 10 minutes, and filter it. Take 2ml of filtrate, add 2-3 drops of 5% α - naphthol ethanol solution, shake well, slowly add 0.5ml of sulfuric acid along the pipe wall, and a purple red ring will appear at the junction of the two solutions. .
(3) Take 2G of this product powder, add 60ml of dichloromethane, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 1ml of dichloromethane to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. Another 2G of Nansha ginseng reference material was taken and prepared into the reference material solution by the same method. . According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 μ l of each of the above three solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate respectively, use n-hexane acetone formic acid (25:1:0.05) as the developing agent, place them in the developing cylinder pre saturated with the developing agent for 20 minutes, develop, take out, air dry, spray 2% vanillin sulfuric acid solution, heat at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample.
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The total ash content shall not exceed 6.0% (general rule 2302).
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[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, it shall not be less than 30.0%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] remove the rhizome, wash, moisten thoroughly, cut into thick pieces, and dry.
This product is round, quasi round or irregular thick film. . The air is slight, and the taste is slightly sweet.
[identification], [inspection], [extract] are the same as that of medicinal materials.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] sweet, slightly cold. Return to lung and stomach channels.
[functions and indications] nourishing yin and clearing lung, benefiting stomach and body fluid, resolving phlegm and replenishing qi. It is used for lung heat dry cough, yin deficiency and cough, dry cough and phlegm, insufficient stomach yin, less food and vomiting, insufficient Qi Yin, irritated heat and dry mouth.
[usage and dosage] 9 ～ 15g.
[note] it should not be used with resveratrol.
[storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moths.

2、 Chemical constituents of Panax ginseng
Triterpenoid saponinsZanthoxylin(Xanthotoxin, ammoidin), namely 8-methoxypsoralenCarotene、β - sitosterol。

3、 Pharmacological effects of nanshashen

① Expectorant effect
The expectorant effect of Salvia lanceolata Decoction on rabbits is worse than that of aster, but the effect can last for more than 4 hours. 1: No hemolysis was found in the test tube for the extract of 40 sea cucumber.

② Cardiotonic action
1% Radix Glehniae extract had obvious cardiotonic effect on isolated toad hearts. The amplitude of 7 / 9 isolated hearts increased (more than 50% higher than the original), and the effect lasted for 5 minutes.

③
The aqueous extract of Radix Glehniae (1:2) has different degrees of inhibition on dermatophytes such as t. audouon and t. woolsonii in vitro.