1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Dalbergia odorifera
This product is the dried heartwood of the trunk and root of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen, a legume. It can be harvested all year round, sapwood removed and dried in the shade.
[properties] this product is cylindrical like or irregular fine block. The surface is purplish red or reddish brown, and the cut surface has dense texture. It is hard and oily. The smell is slightly fragrant and the taste is slightly bitter.
[identification] (1) the powder of this product is brownish purple or yellowish brown. The duct with marginal pits is huge, and the diameter of the intact one is about 300 μ m. It is mostly broken. The marginal pits are large and clear, and the lumen contains reddish brown or yellowish brown objects. The fibers are in bundles, brownish red, with a diameter of 8-26 μ m, and the wall is very thick. Some cells around the fiber bundles contain calcium oxalate crystals, forming crystal fibers, and the walls containing crystal cells are non-uniform lignified and thickened. The diameter of calcium oxalate square crystal is 6-22 μ M. The wood rays are 1-2 rows of cells wide and up to 15 cells high, with slightly thicker walls and dense pits. The pigment block is reddish brown, yellowish brown or light yellow.
(2) Take 1g of the product powder, add 10ml of methanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, place, and take the supernatant as the test solution. Another 1g of Dalbergia odorifera control medicinal material was prepared into the control medicinal material solution by the same method. . In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color appear on the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
(3) Take the test sample solution and the reference medicinal material solution under item (2) of [identification], test according to thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 2 μ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use toluene ethyl acetate (2:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and view under the ultraviolet light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the determination method of alcohol soluble extract (general rule 2201), the use of ethanol as solvent shall not be less than 8.0%.
[content determination] the volatile oil shall be determined according to the volatile oil determination method (general rule 2204a method).
The volatile oil content of this product shall not be less than 1.0% (ml/g).
Decoction pieces
[processing] remove impurities, cut them into small pieces, and grind them into fine powder or flakes.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, warm. Return to the liver and spleen meridians.
[functions and indications] remove blood stasis and stop bleeding, regulate qi and relieve pain. For hematemesis, bleeding, trauma bleeding, liver depression and flank pain, chest pain, falling pain, vomiting and abdominal pain.
. Apply appropriate amount externally, grind the powder and apply it on the affected part.
[storage] store in a cool and dry place.

2、 Chemical constituents of Dalbergia odorifera

The root heartwood contains a variety of flavonoids, including isoflavones:Formononetin(formononetin)， Bowdichione, 3 '- methoxydaidzein; Flavanones include liquiritigenin; Chalcones include: isoliquiritigenin, 2 '- o-methylisoliquiritigenin; The isoflavones are: (3R) - donkey herbivore [(3R) -vestitol] (3R) - cycloschizoquinone [(3R) -clausequinone], 5'- methoxy donkey herbivore [(3R) -5'-ethoxyvestitol], 3', 8-dihydroxydonkey herbivore [(3R) -3, 8-dihydroxyvestitol], racemic slightly convex Caryophyll (mucronulatol), right-handed Caryophyll isoflavan (duartin), racemic isoflavone (isoduartin), Dalbergia odorifera odoriflavene; Isoflavanones include: (3R) -2', 3'-7-trihydroxy-4'- methoxyisoflavanone [(3R) -2', 3', 7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxylsoflavanone]. It also contains bisisoflavones: (3R, 4R) - trans-2', 3', 7-trihydroxy-4'- shenoxy-4[(3R) -2', 7-dihydroxy-4'- methoxyisoflavan-5'- YL] isoflavane

3、 Pharmacological action of Dalbergia odorifera

1. effects on the blood system Dalbergia odorifera is a traditional Chinese medicine for activating blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis. Experiments show that it can significantly reduce the whole blood viscosity of hyperviscosity animals with blood stasis syndrome caused by high molecular dextran injection, especially the effect of reducing the whole blood viscosity at high shear speed. It can also reduce the plasma viscosity, but has no significant effect on the erythrocyte aggregation. Dalbergia odorifera also has the effect of reducing blood lipids. Its reduction of blood viscosity in animals with blood stasis syndrome may be related to its lipid-lowering effect, and the mechanism of its lipid-lowering effect is related to the inhibition of HMG coenzyme A reductase. The experiment using the microsomal fraction of rabbit kidney as prostaglandin synthetase showed that the eight compounds isolated from the chloroform soluble part of the methanol extract of Dalbergia odorifera had strong inhibitory effect on prostaglandin synthesis, and other experiments showed that some of the components contained could also significantly inhibit platelet aggregation. The eight compounds that inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins are: methyl 2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxybenzoate, hydroxy bluish sandalwood styrene, hetero slightly convex Sabal styrene, racemic slightly convex Sabal phenol, formononetin, (3R) donkey herbivore phenol, medi pterostilbene, and l-9-o-methylnisen vanillin. .

2. effects on cardiovascular system Dalbergia odorifera is one of the drugs composed of Guanxin II formula. Experiments show that single Dalbergia odorifera can significantly promote the recovery of blood flow in experimental microcirculation disturbance of mesentery in mice, as well as the recovery of arterioles after contraction and the recovery of local microcirculation. Its anti epinephrine induced contraction of arterioles is strong, but its effect on delaying blood arrest is weak. Guanxin Ⅱ has a significant antihypertensive effect, among which Dalbergia odorifera plays a role by inhibiting the receptor of angiotensin Ⅱ. .

3. sedative and anticonvulsant effects the ethanol extract of Dalbergia odorifera by gavage significantly reduced the spontaneous activity of mice, significantly prolonged by 53%, prolonged by 83% and 102% at 100mg/kg and 250mg/kg, respectively, and 355% at 500mg/kg THP TA. However, the dose of 5g/kg by gavage of its own does not cause anesthesia in mice. Mg/kg seasonal fragrance by gavage can significantly inhibit the incidence of mice and electric convulsions. 500mg/kg agent can significantly resist nicotinic convulsions, but has weak effect on pentylenetetrazol convulsions, and has no effect on muscarinic convulsions.

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5. other effects: Dalbergia odorifera can inhibit cholecystokinin receptor and purine convertase.