1、 Standard of Jinqian herbal classic
. Harvest in summer and autumn, remove impurities and dry in the sun.
[character] this product is often tangled into a ball, hairless or pubescent. The stem is twisted, brown or dark brown red on the surface, with longitudinal lines, sometimes with fibrous roots on the lower stem node, and the section is solid. The leaves are opposite, mostly wrinkled, flattened, broadly ovate or heart-shaped, 1-4cm long and 1-5cm wide, with a slightly concave base and full margin; The upper surface is grayish green or brown, the lower surface is light, and the main vein is obviously protruding. After being soaked in water, black or brown stripes can be seen on the light perspective; The petiole is 1 ～ 4cm long. Some have flowers, yellow flowers, solitary leaf axils, and long stems. Capsule globose. The air is weak and the taste is light.
[identification] (1) cross section of the stem of this product: the epidermal cells are covered with cuticle, sometimes glandular hairs can be seen, the head is single-cell, and the stalk is 1-2 cells. The inner layer of the thrombus is broad, and some cells contain reddish brown secretions; The secretory tract is scattered, with 5-10 surrounding secretory cells, containing reddish brown massive secretions; The endothelial layer was evident. The fibers of the columella are intermittently arranged in rings, and the wall is slightly lignified. Phloem narrow. The xylem is connected into a ring. . Parenchyma cells contain starch granules.
Leaf surface: reddish brown glandular hair, single-cell head, quasi round, 25 µ m diameter, single-cell stalk. The secretory tract is scattered in mesophyll tissue, with a diameter of 45 µ m, and contains reddish brown secretions. Non glandular hairs can be seen on the surface of stems and leaves of those with sparse hairs. 1-17 cells are straight or curved. Some cells are constricted, 59-1070 µ m long, 13-53 µ m in diameter at the base. Thin stripes can be seen on the surface, and the cell cavity contains yellowish brown substances.
(2) Take 1g of this product powder, add 50ml of 80% methanol, heat and reflux for 1 hour, cool it, filter it, evaporate the filtrate, add 10ml of water to dissolve the residue, shake with diethyl ether twice, 10ml each time, discard the diethyl ether solution, add 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid to the water solution, heat in a water bath for 1 hour, take it out, cool it quickly, shake with ethyl acetate twice, 20ml each time, combine the ethyl acetate solution, wash with 30ml of water, discard the water solution, evaporate the ethyl acetate solution, add 1ml of methanol to dissolve the residue, as the test solution. In addition, take quercetin reference substance and kaempferol reference substance and add methanol to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml each as the reference solution. . In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control sample.
[inspection] impurities shall not exceed 8% (general rule 2301).
The moisture content shall not exceed 13.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
The total ash content shall not exceed 13.0% (general rule 2302).
Acid insoluble ash content shall not exceed 5.0% (general rule 2302).
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), 75% ethanol shall be used as solvent, which shall not be less than 8.0%.
[content determination] determine according to high performance liquid chromatography (general rule 0512).
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was methanol-0.4% phosphoric acid solution (50:50); The detection wavelength is 360nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 2500 according to the quercetin peak.
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Preparation of test solution take about 1.5g of powder (passing through No. 3 screen), weigh accurately, place in a corked conical flask, add 50ml of 80% methanol precisely, close the stopper, weigh, heat and reflux for 1 hour, cool, weigh again, make up the lost weight with 80% methanol, shake well, and filter. .
The determination method is to precisely suck 10 µ l of the reference solution and 10 µ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
The total amount of quercetin (C15H10O7) and kaempferol (c15h10o6) in this product shall not be less than 0.10% according to the dry product.
Decoction pieces
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This product is irregular. The stem is brown or dark brown red, with longitudinal lines, solid. . Occasional yellow flowers, solitary leaf axils. The air is weak and the taste is light.
[identification], [inspection] (moisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash), [extract], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
[nature, taste and tropism] sweet, salty and slightly cold. It belongs to the liver, gallbladder, kidney and bladder channels.
[functions and indications] it can relieve dampness and jaundice, diuresis, relieve gonorrhea, detoxify and reduce swelling. It is used for damp heat jaundice, biliary distention and flank pain, stone drenching, heat drenching, urine astringency and pain, carbuncle, swelling and sores, snake and insect bites.
[usage and dosage] 15 ～ 60g.
[storage] put it in a dry place.

2、 Chemical constituents of Lysimachia christinae

The whole grass contains flavonoids:quercetin (quercetin)，IsoquercitrinNamely, Isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-o-gluco-side),Kaempferol(kaempferol)，TrifolinNamely, kaempferol-3-o-galactosides, 3,2 ', 4', 6 ', tetrahydroxy-4,3' - dimethoxychalcone, kaempferol-3-o-lysi-machia trioside, kaempferol-3-o-glucoside, kaempferol-3-0-glucoside, rhamnosus rhamnocitrin-3,4 '- diglucoside,Kaempferol-3-o-rutinoside(kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside)， Kaempferol-3-o-rhamnoside-7-o-rhamnosyl (1 → 3) - rhamnosi De. It also contains p-hydroxybenzoic acid,Uracil nucleoside(uridine)， Sodium chloride; Potassium chloride, nitrite, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (CGMP) - like substances, polysaccharides and nine elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, nickel and cobalt. Calcium, magnesium and iron are the most abundant, and zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, nickel and cobalt are also abundant.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Lysimachia christinae

1. stone expelling effect Lysimachia christinae has the effects of gallstone expelling and urinary stone expelling. The model test of tadpole experimental calcium oxalate kidney stone showed that the decoction of Lysimachia christinae was effective for the prevention and treatment of tadpole experimental kidney stone. Semi open recording system for anesthetized dogs the experimental results showed that Lysimachia christinae could cause the increase of pressure in the upper ureter, the enhancement of ureteral peristalsis, the increase of urine volume, and the squeezing and impact effect on ureteral stones, which promoted the expulsion of ureteral stones. Calcium oxalate monohydrate is the main component of urinary calculi. The polysaccharide component in the alcohol insoluble substance of Lysimachia christinae has an inhibitory effect on the crystal growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate, and the inhibitory effect increases with the increase of concentration. The inhibitory effect of normal human urine on the crystal growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate is equivalent to that of polysaccharide extracted from 1.94 × 10 (-5) g (crude drug) / ml. By conducting method, it was found that the percentage of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal growth inhibited by refined polysaccharide was higher than that of alcohol precipitated part of water decoction.

2. anti inflammatory effect Lysimachia christinae 50g/kg and its total flavonoids and phenolic acids 3.75g/kg were injected intraperitoneally, which had a significant inhibitory effect on the increase of vascular permeability in mice caused by histamine, a very significant inhibitory effect on the inflammation of ears in mice caused by croton oil, and a significant inhibitory effect on ankle swelling in rats and cotton ball granuloma in rats caused by egg white injection.

3. effect on immune system Herba Lysimachiae has inhibitory effect on cellular immunity. Rose test: the percentage of rose formation between splenocytes and sheep erythrocytes in Lysimachia christinae mice was significantly lower than that in the control group, and it was still inhibited even 10 days after drug withdrawal, and its degree was similar to that of cyclophosphamide. The inhibition of Herba Lysimachiae combined with cyclophosphamide was more obvious. Skin graft rejection: the time of skin graft rejection of mice in the Lysimachia christinae group and cyclophosphamide group was later than that in the control group, especially in the two drugs combined group. Lysimachia christinae also has inhibitory effect on humoral rabbit plague. In immunized mice, hemolysin production was inhibited in the lysine group, and the content in serum was about 1 / 2 of that in the control group; ; The effect of Lysimachia christinae combined with cyclophosphamide is particularly significant. Lysimachia christinae can enhance the phagocytic function of mouse macrophages, and the percentage of phagocytic function is twice that of the control group; The phagocytic function of neutrophils was examined at different times after injection of Staphylococcus into mice. It can be seen that the number of cells with phagocytic function in the Lysimachia christinae group was higher than that in the control group, and it was most obvious at 4, 6, and 8 hours after injection.

4. effects on vascular smooth muscle and human platelets Herba Lysimachiae has a relaxing effect on vascular smooth muscle, and also has a certain inhibitory effect on human platelet aggregation induced by ADP and arachidonic acid in vitro.