1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Abrus cantoniensis
This product is a dried whole plant of the legume Abrus cantoniensis Hance. .
[properties] the roots of this product are mostly conical, thick at the top and thin at the bottom, with branches, varying in length, with a diameter of 0.5 ~ 1.5cm; the surface is grayish brown, rough, with fine longitudinal lines, and the branch roots are very thin, and some are broken or left with residues; Hard quality. The stems are clumped, 50-100cm long, about 0.2cm in diameter; gray brown to purple brown, slender twigs, sparsely pubescent. The pinnately compound leaves are alternate, with 8-11 pairs of leaflets, mostly falling off, and the leaflets are rectangular and round, 0.8-2cm long; the apex is flat, with small process tips, and the lower surface is covered with fuzz. The smell is slightly fragrant and the taste is slightly bitter.
[identification] (1) the powder of this product is grayish green. Non glandular hair is single-cell, with apical tip or long tip, 60-970 μ m long, 12-22 μ m in diameter, 3-6 μ m in wall thickness, obvious laminar striation and warty protrusions. . The cells around the fiber bundles contain calcium oxalate crystals, forming crystal fibers, and the crystal containing cell walls are unevenly thickened. The stone cells are round, square or oblong, with a diameter of 16-40 μ m, and some have slightly thicker walls. Cork cells are yellowish brown. The diameter of calcium oxalate square crystal is 5 ～ 11 μ M.
(2) Take 2G of this product powder, add 50ml of methanol, sonicate for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, add 10ml of n-butanol to dissolve the residue, and shake with 2% hydrochloric acid solution
Extract three times, 10ml each time, combine the acid solution, adjust the pH value to 7 with 5% sodium hydroxide solution, and then use n-butanol to shake and extract three times, 5ml each time, combine n-butanol solution, evaporate to dryness, add 1ml methanol to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. . According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 ～ 10 μ l of the test solution and 2 μ l of the control solution, respectively dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use the upper solution of n-butanol acetic acid water (4:1:5) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray ninhydrin test solution, heat at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear, and the spots of the same color will appear on the corresponding position of the control chromatography in the test sample chromatography.
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The total ash content shall not exceed 7.5% (general rule 2302).
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, it shall not be less than 6.0%.
Decoction pieces
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[nature, taste and meridian tropism] sweet, slightly bitter, cool. Return to liver and stomach channels.
[functions and indications] it can remove dampness and jaundice, clear away heat and detoxify, soothe liver and relieve pain. It is used for damp heat jaundice, flank discomfort, epigastric distension and pain, breast carbuncle swelling and pain.
[usage and dosage] 15 ～ 30g.
[storage] put it in a dry place.
[properties] the roots of this product are mostly conical, thick at the top and thin at the bottom, with branches, varying in length, with a diameter of 0.5 ~ 1.5cm; the surface is grayish brown, rough, with fine longitudinal lines, and the branch roots are very thin, and some are broken or left with residues; Hard quality. The stems are clumped, 50-100cm long, about 0.2cm in diameter; gray brown to purple brown, slender twigs, sparsely pubescent. The pinnately compound leaves are alternate, with 8-11 pairs of leaflets, mostly falling off, and the leaflets are rectangular and round, 0.8-2cm long; the apex is flat, with small process tips, and the lower surface is covered with fuzz. The smell is slightly fragrant and the taste is slightly bitter.
[identification] (1) the powder of this product is grayish green. Non glandular hair is single-cell, with apical tip or long tip, 60-970 μ m long, 12-22 μ m in diameter, 3-6 μ m in wall thickness, obvious laminar striation and warty protrusions. . The cells around the fiber bundles contain calcium oxalate crystals, forming crystal fibers, and the crystal containing cell walls are unevenly thickened. The stone cells are round, square or oblong, with a diameter of 16-40 μ m, and some have slightly thicker walls. Cork cells are yellowish brown. The diameter of calcium oxalate square crystal is 5 ～ 11 μ M.
(2) Take 2G of this product powder, add 50ml of methanol, sonicate for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, add 10ml of n-butanol to dissolve the residue, and shake with 2% hydrochloric acid solution
Extract three times, 10ml each time, combine the acid solution, adjust the pH value to 7 with 5% sodium hydroxide solution, and then use n-butanol to shake and extract three times, 5ml each time, combine n-butanol solution, evaporate to dryness, add 1ml methanol to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. . According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 ～ 10 μ l of the test solution and 2 μ l of the control solution, respectively dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use the upper solution of n-butanol acetic acid water (4:1:5) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray ninhydrin test solution, heat at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear, and the spots of the same color will appear on the corresponding position of the control chromatography in the test sample chromatography.
.
The total ash content shall not exceed 7.5% (general rule 2302).
[extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, it shall not be less than 6.0%.
Decoction pieces
.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] sweet, slightly bitter, cool. Return to liver and stomach channels.
[functions and indications] it can remove dampness and jaundice, clear away heat and detoxify, soothe liver and relieve pain. It is used for damp heat jaundice, flank discomfort, epigastric distension and pain, breast carbuncle swelling and pain.
[usage and dosage] 15 ～ 30g.
[storage] put it in a dry place.
2、 Chicken bone grass chemical composition
The crude saponin hydrolysate of whole grass contains a variety of triterpenoid sapogenins: abrisapogenol aAcacia soap alcoholC、Acacia soap alcoholB、Acacia soap alcoholD、Acacia soap alcoholE、Acacia soap alcoholF、Acacia soap alcoholG，Soyasanol a(soyasapogenol)、SoyasanolB,Glycyrrhetinic acid(glycyrrhetinic acid)，Glycyrrhizin(glabrolide)。 It also contains abrisaponin 1, choline and abrine.
The root containsChrysophanol(chrysophanol) andEmodin methyl ether(physcion)。
3、 Pharmacological effects of Abrus cantoniensis l.var.gallinarum l.var.gallinarum l.var.gallinarum l.var.gallinarum l.var.gallinarum l.var.gallinarum l.var.gallinar
1. effects on intestinal smooth muscle for the normal isolated rabbit ileum, the decoction of chicken bone grass root can significantly enhance its contraction amplitude, and anesthetized rabbits can also improve the tension of the intestinal tube in place and slightly enhance the peristalsis. In the isolated guinea pig ileum test, the high concentration decoction had a significant inhibitory effect on the contraction caused by acetylcholine, but only a mild inhibition caused by histamine, and had no effect on the contraction caused by barium chloride.
2. enhance the swimming endurance of mice. 5g/kg of chicken bone grass root decoction can significantly enhance the swimming endurance of mice.
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4. no death was caused within 3 days after intraperitoneal injection of 526g/kg, 630g/kg, or oral administration of 420g/kg of toxic jigugao decoction.