Scutellaria barbata
1、 Scutellaria barbata pharmacopoeia standard       This product is the dried whole herb of Scutellaria barbata D.Don, a Labiatae plant. When the stems and leaves are luxuriant in summer and autumn, they are dug, washed and dried in the sun.
      [character] this product is 15 ~ 35cm long, hairless or sparsely hairy on the flower shaft. The roots are slender. The stems are clumped, thin, square columnar; . Leaves opposite, with short stalks; The leaves are mostly shrunken, triangular ovate or lanceolate after flattening, 1.5-3cm long and 0.5-1cm wide; the apex is blunt, the base is broadly cuneate, and the entire margin or there are a few unobvious blunt teeth; The upper surface is dark green and the lower surface is grayish green. The flowers are solitary in the upper leaf axils of stems and branches, and the calyx lobes are blunt or rounder; The Corolla is two lipped, brown yellow or light blue purple, about 1.2cm long, and hairy. The fruit is oblate, light brown. The breath is slight, and the taste is slightly bitter.
      [content determination] total flavonoids   Preparation of reference solution   .
      ; Accurately measure 0.4ml, 0.8ml, 1.2ml, 1.6ml and 2.0ml of the reference solution into a 25ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the scale, and shake the hook. With methanol as blank, the absorbance was measured at the wavelength of 335nm according to UV visible spectrophotometry (general rule 0401), and the standard curve was drawn with absorbance as the ordinate and concentration as the abscissa.
      ; .
      According to the calculation of dry product, the total flavonoids in this product shall not be less than 1.50% based on scutellarin (c21h18o12).
      Scutellarin   Determine according to high-performance liquid chromatography (general rule 0512).
      ; Octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was methanol water acetic acid (35:61:4); The detection wavelength was 335nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 1500 according to the peak of scutellarin.
      Preparation of reference solution   Take an appropriate amount of scutellarin reference substance, accurately weigh it, add mobile phase to make a solution containing 80 µ g per 1ml.
      Preparation of test solution   Take about 1g of this product powder (passing through No. 3 screen), accurately weigh it, put it in Soxhlet extractor, add petroleum ether (60 ～ 90 ℃) to extract it until it is colorless, discard the ether solution, volatilize the petroleum ether from the drug residue, add methanol to continue extracting it until it is colorless, transfer it to a 100ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the scale, shake it evenly, accurately measure 25ml, evaporate it to dryness, dissolve the residue with 20% methanol, transfer it to a 25ml volumetric flask, dilute it to the scale, shake it evenly, filter it, and take the continuous filtrate.
      Assay   Precisely suck 10 µ l of the control solution and 10 µ l of the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      According to the dry product, the content of scutellarin (c21h18o12) in this product shall not be less than 0.20%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] remove impurities, wash, segment and dry.
      This product has irregular sections. The stem is square columnar, hollow, and the surface is dark purple or brownish green. The leaves are opposite, mostly broken, with dark green on the upper surface and gray green on the lower surface. The lower lip cleft of calyx is blunt or rounder; Corolla lip-shaped, brown yellow or light blue purple, hairy. The fruit is oblate, light brown. The breath is slight, and the taste is slightly bitter.
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      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, bitter and cold. It belongs to lung, liver and kidney meridians.
      [functions and indications] clearing heat, detoxifying, removing blood stasis and diuresis. It is used for prickly sores, swelling poison, sore throat, falling pain, edema, jaundice, snake and insect bites.
      [usage and dosage] 15 ～ 30g.
      [storage] put it in a dry place.


2、 Chemical constituents of Scutellaria barbata
The whole plant contains carthamidin, ISO carthamidin,High baicalein（scutellarein)，Scutellarin（scutel-larin)，β - sitosterol（β-sitosterol)， Stearic acid, alkaloids [1, 2] polysaccharides [3], etc. It is also reported that it was isolated from aerial partsWogonin（wogo-nin)， Scutervulin, rivularin,Naringenin（naringenin)，Apigenin（apigenin)， Hispidulin,Chrysophanol（eriodictyol)，Luteolin（suteolin)， 5,7,4-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavanone, 4-hydroxywogonin, 7-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxyflavone, p-hydroxyben-zaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzylacetone, p-hydroxybenzylacetone, p-coumaric acid C AICD),Protocatechuic acid（protocatechuic acid)，Ursolic acid(UT solid acid) phytosterol, phytosterol β - D-glucoside [4], etc.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Scutellaria barbata
1. bacteriostatic effect: Scutellaria barbata 50% decoction has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli by using the plate trenching method.
2. antispasmodic and expectorant effects: the Safflor contained in this product has a strong anti contraction effect of smooth muscle caused by histamine, and has a good expectorant effect.
3. tumor suppressive effect: the test tube method of Melan showed that this product has a very mild inhibitory effect on acute myeloid leukemia cells; The screening experiment with cell respirator method showed that the inhibition rate of acute myeloid leukemia blood cells was greater than 75%.
. SC administration for 1 week significantly increased the percentage of esterase positive cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice and promoted DNCB induced delayed type allergy. However, a large dose (200mg/kg) could inhibit the thymus index of mice, but had no effect on the spleen index.
5. other functions: 5.1 Inhibit ATP generation: baicalein contained in this product can inhibit indole-3-acetic acid oxidase and ATP generation.
5.2 Inhibit the growth of larvae: it can also inhibit the growth of heliothiszea larvae.
5.3. effects on blood vessels: baicalin can increase cerebral blood flow, reduce cerebrovascular resistance, improve blood-brain barrier permeability, and resist platelet aggregation caused by adenosine diphosphate.