Celestial Nanxing
1、 Tiannanxing pharmacopoeia standard       This product is the dried tubers of Araceae plants Arisaema erubescens (wall.) Schott, Arisaema HETEROPHYLLUM BL. or Arisaema amurense maxim. When the stems and leaves wither in autumn and winter, they shall be dug, and the fibrous roots and skin shall be removed and dried.
      [properties] this product is oblate, 1-2cm high and 1.5-6.5cm in diameter. Its surface is white or light brown, relatively smooth, with concave stem marks on the top, pitted root marks around, and small oblate lateral buds around some tubers. . The gas is slightly pungent, and the taste is spicy.
      [identification] (1) the powder of this product is white. The starch granules are mainly single, spherical or oblong, with a diameter of 2-17 μ m, umbilicus punctate, crack like, and large granular lamina dimly visible; There are a few complex grains, which are composed of 2-12 grains. . Calcium oxalate crystals were mostly found in parenchymal cells near the duct, with a diameter of 3-20 μ M.
      (2) . In addition, 5g of the control medicinal material of Arisaema was prepared into the control medicinal material solution by the same method. Test according to thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 6 μ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use ethanol pyridine concentrated ammonia test solution water (8:3:3:2) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray 5% potassium hydroxide methanol solution, and view them under sunlight and ultraviolet light (365nm). .
      [check] moisture   .
      Total ash   .
      [extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, it shall not be less than 9.0%.
      [content determination] preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of apigenin reference, weigh accurately, add 60% ethanol to make a solution containing 12 μ g per 1ml.
      ; Accurately measure 1ml, 2ml, 3ml, 4ml and 5ml of the reference solution, put them into 10ml volumetric flasks respectively, add 60% ethanol to 5ml each, add 1% triethylamine solution to the scale, shake well, take the corresponding reagent as blank, measure the absorbance at the wavelength of 400nm according to the UV visible spectrophotometry (general rule 0401), take the absorbance as the ordinate and the concentration as the abscissa, and draw the standard curve.
      ; Take about 0.6g of this product powder (passing through No. 4 screen), weigh it precisely, place it in a corked conical flask, add 50ml of 60% ethanol precisely, close the stopper, weigh it, sonicate (power 250W, frequency 40KHz) for 45 minutes, cool it, weigh it again, use 60% ethanol to make up the weight lost, shake it well, and filter it. Accurately measure 5ml of the continuous filtrate, put it into a 10ml volumetric flask, according to the method under the preparation of the standard curve, measure the absorbance according to law from "adding 1% triethylamine solution", read the weight of apigenin in the test solution from the standard curve, and calculate.
      This product is calculated as a dry product, and the total flavone content is calculated as apigenin (c15h10o5), which should not be less than 0.050%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] the Southern Star   Remove impurities, wash and dry.
      [character], [identification], [inspection], [extract], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] bitter, pungent and warm; . .
      [function and indications] dispersing nodules and detumescence. For external use, it can treat carbuncle and swelling, snake and insect bites.
      [usage and dosage] apply an appropriate amount of raw products for external use. After grinding, apply vinegar or wine to the affected area.
      [note] pregnant women should use it with caution; Be careful when taking raw products orally.
      [storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent mold and moth.


2、 Chemical constituents of Arisaema
, 5-piperazinedione (3-isopropyl-6-tert-butyl-2,5-piperazinedione), 3-isopropyl-6-methyl-2,5-piperazinedione (3-isopropyl-6-methyl-2,5piperazinedione) are l-valyl-l-alanine anhydride, β - carboline, 1-acetyl - β - carboline, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy pyridine (2-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine), uracil (uracil), 5-methyluracil (5-methylk Uracil) is thymine, nicotinamide, bipyrrolo [1,2a] [1,2d] hexahydropyrazine-2,5-dione [bispyrrala [1,2a] [1,2d] - hexahydropyrazine-2,5-dione], l-proline-l-proline anhydride, 3-isopropyl-6-isobutyl-2,5-piperazine dione-piperazinedione) is l-valyl-l-leucine anhydride, 3-yl-6-methyl-2, 5-piperazinedione is l-phenylalanyl-l-alanine anhydride, pyrrolo [1,2a] hexahydropyrazine-1,4-dione is l-glycyl-l-proline anhydride, l-cis-3 - (p-hydroxy lower group) - 6-isobutyl-2, 5-piperazinedione [l-cis-3- (p-hydroxybenzyl) - 6-isobutyl-2,5-piperazinedione] is l-tyrosyl-l-leucine anhydride, 3-methyl-6-isobutyl-2,5-piperazinedione is l-alanyl-l-leucine anhydride, 3-methyl-6-isobutyl-2,5-piperazinedione is l-alanyl-l-leucine anhydride, 3-methyl-6-sec-butyl-2,5-piperazinedione, L-phenylalanyl-l-serine anhydride, l-tyrosyl-l-alanine anhydride, l-prolyl-l-alanine anhydride, 3-acetamino-2-piperidone, adenosine, and pedatisectine a, B, C, D, e. The structure of pinelline A is 5-hydroxy-2-pyridylmethyl-adenine, that of pinelline B is adenine, that of pinelline C is 1-ethyl acrylate-7-aldehydocarboline, and that of pinelline D is 2-methyl-3 - (2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl) pyrazine [2-methyl-3- (2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl) pyrazine zine], the structure of pinelline e is 2-methyl-3 - (1,2,3,4-methoxybutyl) pyrazine [2-methyl-3 (1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl). It also containsCarotene(daucosterol)，β - sitosterol(β-sitosterol)，palmitic acid(palmitic acid)，l-serine (serine)，L-valine (valine)，L-lysine(lysine)，L-Proline More than 30 kinds of amino acids such as proline and more than 20 kinds of inorganic trace elements such as magnesium, aluminum, zinc, copper, selenium, vanadium and cobalt.
The rhizomes of Arisaema chinensis and a parachute Arisaema containβ - sitosterolAs well as a variety of amino acids and inorganic trace elements that are the same as those of tiger palm, but the content is different.
Northeast Arisaema contains phytohemagglutinin.

3、 Pharmacological action of Arisaema
1. anticonvulsant effect: intraperitoneal injection of tiannanxing Decoction (3g/kg) can significantly resist the convulsion caused by strychnine, pentamethene tetrazolium and caffeine, but can not resist the onset of electric shock, and its anticonvulsant intensity varies according to different varieties. However, there are also reports that tiannanxing can not resist the convulsion and death caused by strychnine, but can resist the convulsive death caused by nicotine, and can still eliminate its muscle tremor symptoms; For convulsions caused by tetanus toxin intramuscular injection in mice, tiannanxing can delay the effect of animal death.
2. sedative and analgesic effects: after intraperitoneal injection of tiannanxing decoction, rabbits and rats showed decreased activity, quiet, and blunted righting reflex. It can also prolong the sleep time of adult barbiturate in mice, and has obvious analgesic effect.
3. expectorant effect: the phenol red excretion method in mice was used for the experiment, which showed that tomorrow Nanxing water agent had expectorant effect, and the amount of phenol red excreted from the respiratory tract in the administration group was 150% and 170% of that in the control group, respectively.
4. anti tumor effect: the alcohol treated preparation of the water extract of fresh Arisaema chinensis (unidentified variety) has an inhibitory effect on HeLa cells in vitro, and has a certain inhibitory effect on mouse experimental tumors such as sarcoma S180, HCA solid type and U14, and it is confirmed that D-Mannitol may be an effective anti-cancer ingredient.
5. antioxidant effect: the two alkaloids contained in Arisaema have different activities of scavenging superoxide anion free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria.
. The water extraction and alcohol precipitation preparation of fresh Arisaema has inhibitory effect on HeLa cells in vitro. It is effective against experimental tumors in mice, and has certain inhibitory effects on S180, HCA solid type, U14, etc.