Euphorbia

1、 Feiyang herbal classic standard       This product is a dried whole herb of Euphorbia hirta L., a Euphorbiaceae plant. They are dug in summer and autumn, washed and dried in the sun.
      ; Brittle, easy to break, hollow section; The overground part is covered with coarse hairs. The leaves are opposite, wrinkled, flattened, oval or slightly rhombic, 1-4cm long and 0.5-1.3cm wide; green brown, acute or blunt at the apex, base oblique, with fine serrations at the edge, and 3 obvious veins. Cymes densely capitate, axillary. Capsule ovoid triangular. It is light and slightly astringent.
      [identification] (1) the powder of this product is light yellow. The surface of epidermal cells on leaves is polygonal or quasi rectangular, the vertical wall is straight, and the stomata are mostly inequality. . Non glandular hairs have 2-6 (8) cells, the top 2 cells are particularly long, and the base cells are wide; The surface is warty, and some non glandular hairs are constricted. The pollen grains are spherical, with smooth surface and a diameter of about 15 μ M. Stem epidermal cells are polygonal, and some contain yellow or yellowish brown substances. The conduit is threaded conduit, ladder shaped conduit or reticulated conduit.
      (2) Take LG of the crude powder of this product, add 50ml of water, heat and reflux for 1 hour, filter, shake and extract the filtrate with ethyl acetate twice (40ml, 30ml), combine the ethyl acetate solution, evaporate to dryness, add 2ml of methanol to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. In addition, LG, a control medicinal material of Euphorbia odora, was prepared into a control medicinal material solution by the same method. . According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 2 μ l of each of the above four solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use toluene ethyl acetate formic acid (6:10:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, air dry, spray 5% aluminum trichloride ethanol solution, air dry, and check under the UV light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample.
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      The moisture content shall not exceed 13.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
      The total ash content shall not exceed 9.0% (general rule 2302).
      [extract] according to the hot leaching method under the alcohol soluble extract determination method (general rule 2201), using dilute ethanol as solvent, it shall not be less than 12.0%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] remove impurities, wash, moisten slightly, cut into sections, and dry.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, sour and cool; . Return to lung, bladder and large intestine.
      [functions and indications] it can clear away heat, detoxify, relieve dampness, relieve itching, and relieve lactation. It is used for lung carbuncle, breast carbuncle, prickly sores, swollen toxin, chancre, dysentery, diarrhea, fever, hematuria, eczema, tinea pedis, skin itching, postpartum oliguria.
      [usage and dosage] 6 ～ 9g. Apply appropriate amount externally and wash with boiling water.
      [note] pregnant women should use it with caution.
      [storage] put it in a dry place.


2、 Chemical constituents of Eupatorium odoratum
The stem and leaves contain a flavonoid glycoside Apiin, which is 5,7,4 '- trihydroxyflavone-7-glucoside.  
Whole grass containsCork triterpene ketone（friedelin)，β - monoaromatic alcohol（β-amyrin)， Hcntriacontane,β - sitosterol（β-siloster－ol)，Taraxacinol（taraxerol)，Taraxacinone（taraxenone)，Spinasterol（α-spinasterol)，Stigmasterol（stigmasterol)， Jambulol,quercetin （quercetin)。 cycasin gallic acid（gallcic acid)，Quercitrin（quuercitrin)，Myricetin（myricitrin)， 3,4-di-o-galloylquinic acid, 2,4,6-tri-o-galloyl-d-glucose and1,2,3,4,6-o-pentagalloyl glucose（
1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloylglucose)。

3、 Physical function of Feiyang herbal medicine
1. Analgesic effect   Intraperitoneal injection of water extract of Euphorbia pulcherrima can reduce the number of writhing reactions and increase the pain threshold of hot plate method in mice. .  
2. Antipyretic effect   Intraperitoneal injection of water extract of Euphorbia pulcherrima in rats can significantly reduce the fever caused by yeast.    
3. Anti inflammatory effect   Intraperitoneal injection of Euphorbia pulcherrima extract leaves significantly alleviated carrageenan induced inflammation in rats. But not for rheumatoid arthritis.    
4. Antidiarrheal effect   The decoction has an antidiarrheal effect on the diarrhea model caused by castor oil, arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E, but it has no effect on the diarrhea caused by magnesium sulfate, and has a delaying effect on the acceleration of small intestine movement caused by castor oil. Quercetin 50mg/kg has antidiarrheal effect on diarrhea in mice caused by castor oil and prostaglandin E2. The antidiarrheal mechanism of quercetin is due to the release of its aglycone quercetin from the intestine.    
5. ; The boiling water extract of Euphorbia odora has cytotoxic effect on Amoeba protozoa [1] .