Vitex trifolia
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Vitex trifolia       This product is the dried and mature fruit of vitetrifolia l.var.simplicifoliacham. or vitetrifolia L. of Verbenaceae. The fruits are harvested when they are ripe in autumn, removed impurities, and dried in the sun.
      [character] the product is spherical with a diameter of 4-6 μ M. The surface is gray black or dark brown, covered with gray white powdery fluff, with 4 longitudinal shallow grooves, the top is slightly concave, and the base has gray white persistent calyx and short fruit stalk. The calyx is 1/3 ~ 2/3 of the fruit in length, with 5 teeth, of which the 2 cracks are deep and densely hairy. It is light, tough and not easy to break. Four chambers can be seen in the cross section, with one seed in each chamber. The gas is special and fragrant, and the taste is light and pungent.
      [identification] (1) the powder of this product is grayish brown. The epidermal cells of calyx are round like, and the wall is mostly curved; The non glandular hairs have 2-3 cells, and the base of the apical cells is slightly thick, with warty processes. The exocarp cells are polygonal, with horny texture and traces of trichome shedding, and there are glandular hairs and non glandular hairs: glandular hairs are divided into two types: head single cell, stalk 1-2 cell, head 2-6 cell, stalk single cell; . Mesocarp cells are oblong or quasi round, with slightly lignified walls and obvious pits. The tubing is mostly broken, containing secretions, and the surrounding cells have pale yellow oil droplets. The stone cells of endocarp are oval or nearly square, with a diameter of 10 ～ 35 μ M. The seed coat cells are round or quasi round, 42-73 μ m in diameter, with reticular texture on the wall and lignification.
      (2) . In addition, take Vitexin reference substance and add methanol to make a solution containing 1mg per 1ml as the reference solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 μ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate prepared with 1% sodium hydroxide solution, use cyclohexane ethyl acetate methanol (3:2:0.2) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and spray 10% aluminum trichloride ethanol solution. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control sample.
      [inspection] impurities shall not exceed 2% (general rule 2301).
      The moisture content shall not exceed 14.0% (the fourth method of general rule 0832).
      The total ash content shall not exceed 7.0% (general rule 2302).
      [extract] according to the hot leaching method under the determination method of alcohol soluble extract (general rule 2201), the use of methanol as solvent shall not be less than 8.0%.
      [content determination] determine according to HPLC (general rule 0512).
      Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was methanol-0.4% phosphoric acid solution (60:40); The detection wavelength was 258nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 2000 according to the Vitex peak.
      Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of Vitexin reference, weigh accurately, add methanol to make a solution containing 30 μ l per 1ml.
      Preparation of the test solution take about 2G of the powder (passing through No. 3 screen), accurately weigh it, place it in a corked conical flask, precisely add 50ml of methanol, weigh it, heat and reflux for 1 hour, cool it, then weigh it, make up the lost weight with methanol, shake it well, filter it, and take the continuous filter solution.
      The determination method is to precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      According to the calculation of dried product, the content of Vitexin (c19h18o8) shall not be less than 0.030%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] Vitex vine seeds remove impurities.
      [character] [identification] [inspection] (moisture and total ash) [content determination]
      Same as medicinal materials.
      . Mash when needed.
      This product is shaped like Vitex, with black or dark brown surface, and residual persistent calyx and short fruit stalk can be seen at the base. The gas is special and fragrant, and the taste is light and pungent.
      [inspection] the moisture content is the same as that of medicinal materials, and shall not exceed 7.0%.
      [identification] (2) [inspection] (total ash) [extract] [content determination] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, bitter and slightly cold. It belongs to bladder, liver and stomach channels.


2、 Chemical constituents of Vitex trifolia
1. the fruits and leaves of Vitex trifolia contain volatile oil, trace alkaloids and vitamin A; the fruits containVitexin（vitexicarpin）， Namely, Casticin. 2. the fruit of Vitex trifolia contains a small amount (0.01%) of vitcmlibicin. And 2.60% fatty oil, mainly composed ofMyristic acid（myristic acid），palmitic acid（palmitic acid）， Stearic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, as well as 0.90% unsaponifiable matter were small amounts of paraffin, γ -tocopherol andβ - sitosterol（β-sitosterol）。 In additionP-hydroxybenzoic acid（p-hydroxy benzoic acid）， P-Anisic acid andVanillin（vanillin）。 The volatile oil of Vitex trifolia leaves contains α - and β - pinene, phenolCineole(1,8-cineole) and α - terpineol.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Vitex trifolia
. Analgesic effect of processed product extract total alcohol extract of Vitex negundo L. injection (I): the preparation method is 50g of Vitex negundo L., add 800ml45% ethanol to extract in two refluxes, combine the extract, recover the ethanol, add 200ml of distilled water to the residue, filter out the insoluble matter, and concentrate to 25ml. Total alcohol extract of fried yellow product injection (II): weigh 50g of fried yellow product, and the preparation method is the same as (I). The total extract of raw water injection (III) is prepared by adding 800ml distilled water to 50g of raw wattle seed, extracting by reflux in two times, combining the filtrate, evaporating and concentrating, adding 200ml of 95% ethanol to the residue, stirring, and taking the filtrate to concentrate to 25ml. The total extract of fried yellow water injection (IV) is prepared by the same method as (III). Each 1ml of the above products is equivalent to 2G of crude drug. Using the hot plate method, mice (18-22g) were placed on a hot plate at 55 ± 0.5 ° C (room temperature 20 ± 1 ° C). The pain threshold was measured repeatedly in 5 minutes with the time from the mouse touching the hot plate to licking the foot as the pain response index. The mean of the two pain response times was taken as the normal pain threshold. Those with normal values within 30 seconds were used in the experiment. The animals were divided into six groups, and the mean pain threshold was measured at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 minutes after administration. The changes of pain threshold before and after administration and the differences between the groups were compared. The results showed that when the dose of sample: Ⅰ - Ⅱ was 30g/kg, the threshold was significantly increased 20 minutes after IP administration, and the effect was the strongest at about 30 minutes, and the effect lasted for 30-60 minutes. At 30 min, the four samples were significantly different from saline (negative control) and morphine (positive control) by ANOVA (p< 01), and the analysis of variance between the two groups at 40 minutes showed that: No. I (raw product) and No. II (fried yellow product) were compared, p< 01, and the effect of Ⅰ was greater than that of Ⅱ,. Comparison of No.2 and No.4 samples, P< 0.01. The effect of Ⅱ was stronger than that of Ⅳ.
. The water decoction of Vitex trifolia L. at a concentration of 1:10 could inhibit the virus echo11 strain. Vitexin has obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium. The 1:10 concentration of the decoction of this product can inhibit the virus echo11 strain.