Calamus fortunei
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Ampelopsis grossedentata       This product is the dried leafy vine stem of the Apocynaceae plant Trachelospermum jasminoides (lindl.) lem. Harvest from winter to next spring, remove impurities and dry in the sun.
      [character] the stem of this product is cylindrical, curved, multi branched, with different lengths and diameters of 1-5mm; the surface is reddish brown, with punctate lenticels and adventitious roots; It is hard, yellowish white in cross-section, and often hollow. Leaves opposite, with short stalks; After flattening, the leaves are oval or oval lanceolate, 1 ～ 8cm long and 0.7 ～ 3.5cm wide; they are full, slightly inverted, dark green or brownish green on the upper surface, and light on the lower surface; Leathery. The breath is slight, and the taste is slightly bitter.
      [identification] (1) the cork layer on the transverse section of the stem of this product is brownish red series of cork cells; . The inner side of the cork layer is the stone cell annulus, and calcium oxalate crystals are distributed between the cork layer and the stone cell annulus. Cortical stenosis. The phloem is thin, and there are non lignified fiber bundles on the outside, which are intermittently arranged in a ring. The cambium forms a ring. Xylem is composed of lignified cells, and vessels are mostly scattered. There are cambium and endophloem in xylem. The pulp lignified fibers were in bundles, and the surrounding parenchyma cells contained calcium oxalate crystals. The medulla is often ruptured.
      (2) Take 1g of this product powder, add 10ml of methanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, and take the filtrate as the test solution. Take another 1g of the control medicinal material of Caulis Polygoni, and make the control medicinal material solution by the same method. Then take the control sample of polyglycoside and add methanol to make a solution containing 2mg per 1ml as the control solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 20 μ l of each of the above three solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use chloroform methanol acetic acid (8:1:0.2) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and fumigate them in iodine vapor until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample.
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        The total ash content shall not exceed 11.0% (general rule 2302).
      Acid insoluble ash content shall not exceed 4.5% (general rule 2302).
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        Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; Acetonitrile water (30:70) was used as mobile phase; The detection wavelength was 280nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 4500 based on the peak of complexation glycoside.
      Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of complexin reference, weigh accurately, and add methanol to make a solution containing 0.2mg per 1ml.
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      The determination method is to precisely suck 10 ～ 20 μ l of the reference solution and the test solution into the liquid chromatograph for determination.
      According to the calculation of dry product, the content of complexation glycoside (c27h34o12) shall not be less than 0.45%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] remove impurities, wash, moisten slightly, cut into sections, and dry.
      This product has irregular sections. The stem is cylindrical, with reddish brown surface and punctate lenticels. The cut surface is yellowish white and hollow. Leaves entire, slightly involute; Leathery. The breath is slight, and the taste is slightly bitter.
      [content determination] the content of complexone (c27h34o12) in the same medicinal material shall not be less than 0.40%.
      [identification] [inspection] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] bitter, slightly cold. Homing, liver and kidney meridians.
      [functions and indications] dispel wind and unblock collaterals, cool blood and reduce swelling. It is used for rheumatism and heat arthralgia, muscle and pulse contracture, waist and knee soreness, throat arthralgia, carbuncle, falling and flapping injury.
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      [storage] put it in a dry place.


2、
The vine stems contain arctiin,Lodithin（trachelosi－de），Norcomplexin（nortracheloside）， Matairesinoside, dambonitol [1],Arctigenin（arctigenin）， Matariresinol, rachelogenin,Norcomplexine aglycone（nortrachelogenin）[2]。 The stems and leaves contain alkaloids: coronaridine,Voracogenine（voacangine）， Apparicine, conoflorine, 19 epivoacangarine [3], vobasine,Ibogaine base(ibogaine) and tabernaemontanine [4]. Leaves also contain flavonoids:Apigenin（apigenin），Apigenin-7-o-glucoside (PGs))the main content of apigenin is as follows:the content of apigenin-7-o-glucoside is as follows:the content of apigenin-7-o-glucoside is 0.5% in（apigenin－7－O-glucoside），Apigenin-7-o - (2G rhamnose) gentinoside（Apigenin-7-O -(2G-rhamnosyl)gentiobioside）， Apigenin-7-o-neohesperidoside,Luteolin（luteolin）， Luteolin-7-o-glucose, luteolin-7-o-geniobioside and luteolin-4 '- O-glucoside [5]. Whole plant containsβ - geraniol(β -amyrin), β - arylacetate,Lupeol（lupeol）， Lupeolacetate, lupeol unsaturated fatty acid ester,β - sitosterol（β-sitosterol），Stigmasterol(stigmasterol) andCampesterol（campesterol）[6]。

3、 Pharmacological effects of Caulis Polygoni
1. bacteriostatic effect 50% of the decoction of this product has an inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri and Salmonella typhi by using the plate trenching method.
2. effects on blood vessels and central nervous system arctiin can stimulate the central nervous system of cold-blooded and warm blooded animals, accelerate respiration, cause respiratory failure in large doses, have weak effects on the heart, can cause vasodilation, blood pressure drop, and cause skin redness and diarrhea in mice. In addition, it has inhibitory effect on isolated rabbit intestine and uterus. The methanol extract injected intraperitoneally into rats at 250mg/kg has an inhibitory rate of more than 60% on foot edema; Subcutaneous injection of 100mg/kg in mice inhibited the acetic acid writhing reaction by more than 30%.