Selaginella
1、       This product is the dried whole grass of Selaginella tamariscina (beauv.) spring or Selaginella pulvinata (hook. et grev.) maxim., which belongs to Selaginella family. It can be harvested all year round, removed fibrous roots and sediment, and dried in the sun.
      [character] Selaginella Selaginella   This product is curled like a fist, with a length of 3 ~ 10cm. The branches are clustered, flat and branched, green or brownish yellow, curling inward, and the branches are densely covered with scaly leaflets, and the leaf apex has a long awn. The middle lobe (ventral lobe) is in two rows, oval, rectangular and round, obliquely arranged upward, and the leaf margin is membranous, with irregular fine serrations; The membranous edge on the back of the dorsal lobe (lateral lobe) is often brownish black. Brown to tan fibrous roots remain at the base, scattered or aggregated to form a short stem. . The air is weak and the taste is light.
      The fibrous roots of Selaginella matsiformis are scattered. The middle lobe (ventral lobe) is in two rows, ovate lanceolate, straight up. .
      [identification] (1) the powder of this product is green to yellowish brown. The leaf margin cells are long and narrow, protruding outward in the form of teeth or long hairs. The leaf epidermis cells are square or rectangular, the vertical wall is nearly straight, and the stomata are not fixed, and most of them are arranged in the same direction. The spores are brownish yellow or reddish brown, quasi circular or quasi triangular, 17-77 µ m in diameter, and have irregular tumor like protrusions on the surface. .
      (2) Take 2G of this product powder, add 50ml of methanol, heat and reflux for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, and add 3ml of absolute ethanol to dissolve the residue as the test solution. . Test according to thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 3 µ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use isopropanol concentrated ammonia test solution water (13:1:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray 2% aluminum trichloride methanol solution, and inspect under ultraviolet light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
      [check] moisture   .
      .
      ; Octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; Gradient elution was performed with methanol as mobile phase A and 0.1% phosphoric acid solution as mobile phase B according to the following table; The detection wavelength was 330nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 3000 according to the peak of amentoflavone.
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      Time (minutes)       ;     Mobile phase B (%)
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       0～30            60            40
      30～45          60→85        40→15
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      Preparation of reference solution   Take an appropriate amount of amentoflavone reference substance, accurately weigh it, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.1mg per 1ml.
      Preparation of test solution   Take about 0.2g of this product powder (passing through No. 3 screen), weigh it accurately, place it in a corked conical flask, add 50ml of methanol precisely, weigh it, heat and reflux for 5 hours, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with methanol, shake it well, filter it, and take the filtrate.
      ; Precisely suck 10 µ l of the reference solution and 20 µ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      The content of amentoflavone (c30h18o10) in this product shall not be less than 0.30% based on the dry product.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] Selaginella leaves residual fibrous roots and impurities, washed, segmented, and dried.
      . Leaf apex long awned. The middle lobe (ventral lobe) is in two rows, oval rectangular round or oval lanceolate, obliquely or vertically arranged, and the leaf margin is membranous, with irregular fine serrations or full margin; The membranous edge on the back of the dorsal lobe (lateral lobe) is often brownish black. The air is weak and the taste is light.
      [identification], [inspection], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
      ; Remove Selaginella and stir fry it according to the charcoal roasting method (general rule 0213) until the surface is scorched black.
      [nature, taste and meridian tropism] Xin, Ping. Return to liver and heart meridian.
      [function and indications] activating blood circulation and dredging meridians. It is used for amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, symptomatic swelling, and tumbling injury. . For hematemesis, metrorrhagia, hematochezia, anal prolapse.
      [usage and dosage] 5 ～ 10g.
      [note] pregnant women should use it with caution.
      [storage] put it in a dry place.


2、 Chemical constituents of Selaginella
Whole grass containsCycadin（sotetsuflavone），Amentoflavone（amentoflavone），Hinoki biflavone（hinokiflavone）， Isocryptomerin, cryptomerin B,Apigenin(apigenin) andtrehalose(trehalose) et al.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Selaginella
1. anticancer effect: it is effective against chemical anticancer agents or radiotherapy sensitive tumors; It is commonly used in chorionic epithelial cancer, malignant hydatidiform mole, nasal cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer. The experiment proved that the hot water extract of Selaginella Selaginella, measured by the total cell volume method, had an inhibition rate of 61.2% on sarcoma-180% in mice, and the inhibition rate of ethanol extract was 18.6%; In vivo experiments, this product has a certain inhibitory effect on Ehrlich ascites cancer in mice, and can prolong the life of transplanted tumor animals. The same family plant, Selaginella glabra (Selaginella glauca), also has high anticancer activity in vitro. Clinical practice observation: it has the best curative effect on small tumor.
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3. bacteriostatic effect: 100% Selaginella decoction has an inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus using the plate drilling method.
. The guinea pig and rat experiments showed that it also had a weak anti gastric ulcer effect.