Plantain seed
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Semen Plantaginis
Plantain seed
Cheqianzi
PLANTAGINIS SEMEN
This product is the dried and mature seeds of Plantago asiatica L. or Plantago depressa willd. of Plantago family. .
. Hard quality. The air is weak and the taste is light.
[identification] (1) front of vehicle . The cross-section of the epiblast cells is square or slightly tangential, and the cell wall is mucilaginous. The epidermal cells in the seed coat are rectangular in appearance, with a diameter of 5-19 μ m and a length of about 83 μ M. the wall is thin, microwave like, and often arranged in a mosaic pattern. The endosperm cell wall is very thick and filled with fine aleurone particles.
; The epidermal cells in the seed coat are smaller, 5-15 μ m in diameter and 11-45 μ m in length.
(2) . In addition, geniposide reference substance and verbascoside reference substance were added with methanol to prepare 1mg solutions per 1ml as the reference solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 μ l of each of the above three solutions, dot them on the same silica gel gf254 thin-layer plate respectively, use ethyl acetate methanol formic acid water (18:2:1.5:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and view under the UV light (254nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control sample; Spray 0.5% vanillin sulfuric acid solution, heat it at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color will appear at the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control sample.
[check] moisture .
Total ash Not more than 6.0% (general rule 2302).
Acid insoluble ash Not more than 2.0% (general rule 2302).
Expansion Take 1g of this product, weigh it, and measure it according to the expansion measurement method (general rule 2101), which should not be less than 4.0.
[content determination] determine according to high performance liquid chromatography (general rule 0512).
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test ; Gradient elution was performed with methanol as mobile phase A and 0.5% acetic acid solution as mobile phase B according to the following table; The detection wavelength was 254nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 3000 according to the geniposide peak.
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Time (min) mobile phase a (%) Mobile phase B (%)
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0～1 5 95
1～40 5→60 95→40
40～50 5 95
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Preparation of reference solution Take a proper amount of Geniposide reference substance and verbascoside reference substance, accurately weigh them, put them into a brown volumetric flask, add 60% methanol to make a mixed solution containing 0.1mg per 1ml.
Preparation of test solution Take about 1g of this product powder (passing through No. 2 screen), weigh it accurately, place it in a conical flask with a stopper, add 50ml of 60% methanol precisely, weigh it, heat and reflux for 2 hours, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with 60% methanol, shake it well, filter it, and take the filtrate.
Assay Precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
According to the calculation of dry product, the content of Geniposide (c16h22o10) shall not be less than 0.50%, and verbascoside (c29h36o15) shall not be less than 0.40%.
Decoction pieces
; Remove impurities.
[character], [identification], [inspection], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
Semen Plantaginis Remove the plantain, fry it according to the salt water roasting method (general rule 0213) until it bursts, spray salt water, and fry it dry.
This product is shaped like plantain, and its surface is dark brown. It smells slightly fragrant and tastes slightly salty.
[check] moisture .
Total ash No more than 9.0% for the same medicinal materials.
Acid insoluble ash No more than 3.0% for the same medicinal materials.
Expansion Take 1g of this product, weigh it, and measure it according to the expansion measurement method (general rule 2101), which should not be less than 3.0.
[content determination] the content of Geniposide (c16h22o10) shall not be less than 0.40% and verbascoside (c29h36o15) shall not be less than 0.30% in the same medicinal material.
[identification] the same as medicinal materials.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] sweet, cold. It belongs to the channels of liver, kidney, lung and small intestine.
[functions and indications] it can clear away heat, diuresis, relieve gonorrhea, ooze dampness, stop diarrhea, improve eyesight, and remove phlegm. For hot drenching, astringency and pain Edema and fullness, diarrhea due to heat and dampness, swollen and painful eyes, phlegm and heat cough.
[usage and dosage] 9 ～ 15g, fried in packet.
[storage] store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moisture.
2、 Chemical constituents of Semen Plantaginis
Plantain seed monthAucubin（aucubin）[1]， ,Succinic acid（succinicacid），adenine（adenine）， Choline and 10.43% fatty oil [5,6],β - sitosterolβ -sitosterol), β - sitosterol-3-o - β - d-glucopyranoside [7].
Plantain seed containsAucubin，Isoquercitrin（isoquercitrin），Succinic acid[8] , vitamin b1[9], a[10].the main components of vitamin B are vitamin B, vitamin B, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C, vitamin C
3、 Pharmacological effects of Semen Plantaginis
1. diuretic effect: normal people take 10g of Semen Plantaginis Decoction orally, which has diuretic effect, but the total volume and daily water intake of the decoction are not recorded, and there is a lack of strict control. The decoction of plantain seeds has no obvious diuretic effect in normal people and rabbits. The seeds of Plantago asiatica also had no diuretic effect.
2. effect on joint capsule: a small amount of Semen Plantaginis decoction is injected into the rabbit knee joint cavity for many times, which first causes synovial inflammation, followed by connective tissue proliferation, so it is possible to restore the original tension of the relaxed joint capsule, which can be used clinically for temporomandibular joint subluxation. Plantagoovata seeds from India contain a large amount of mucilage, which can be used as a volumetric laxative and can reduce serum cholesterol in humans. The alcohol extract can reduce the blood pressure of anesthetized dogs and cats, inhibit the isolated rabbit heart and frog heart, excite the intestine of rabbits, rats and guinea pigs and can be inhibited by atropine, so it is considered to have cholinergic effect. 0.05-0.2ml of 5% Semen Plantaginis Decoction injected into the knee joint cavity of rabbits can promote the proliferation of synovial connective tissue of joint capsule, so as to restore the original tension of the relaxed joint capsule. Semen plantaginis decoction has no diuretic effect on normal people, rabbits and rats.