Arctium lappa L
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Fructus Arctii       This product is the dried and mature fruit of Arctium lappa L., a Compositae plant. In autumn, when the fruit is ripe, the inflorescence is harvested, dried in the sun, the fruit is laid, the impurities are removed, and then dried in the sun.
      [properties] the product is long obovate, slightly flat, slightly curved, 5-7mm long and 2-3mm wide. The surface is grayish brown, with purple black spots, and several longitudinal edges, usually 1-2 in the middle. The top is obtuse, slightly wide, with a ring on the top surface and a punctate style remnant in the middle; The base is slightly narrow, and the surface color is light. The pericarp is hard, cotyledons are 2, yellowish white, oily. .
      [identification] (1) the powder of this product is grayish brown. The stone cells of endocarp are slightly flat, with a sharp spindle shape, long oval shape or sharp ovoid shape on the surface, 70 ～ 224 μ m long, 13 ～ 70 μ m wide, wall thickness of about 20 μ m, lignified, and transverse pits; . The reticulate cells of mesocarp were polygonal in cross section, with fine punctate thickening of the pericarp wall; In the vertical section, the cells are elongated, and the walls have fine and closely crossed reticular texture. The diameter of calcium oxalate crystals is 3 ～ 9 μ M. they exist in patches in the Yellow mesocarp parenchyma cells, and the boundaries of crystal containing cells are not clear. Cotyledon cells were filled with aleurone granules, some of which contained fine cluster crystals and fatty oil droplets.
      (2) Take 0.5g of this product powder, add 20ml of ethanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 2ml of ethanol to dissolve the residue as the test solution. Another 0.5g of Arctium lappa L. reference medicinal material was prepared by the same method. Then take arctiin reference substance and add ethanol to make a solution containing 5mg per 1ml as the reference substance solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 3 μ l each of the test solution and the control medicinal material solution, and 5 μ l of the control solution, respectively, onto the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use chloroform methanol water (40:8:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, air dry, spray 10% ethyl sulfate solution, heat at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear. .
      [check] moisture   Not more than 9.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
      Total ash   .
      [content determination] determine according to HPLC (general rule 0512).
      Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test   ; ; The detection wavelength was 280nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 1500 according to the arctiin peak.
      Preparation of reference solution   .
      Preparation of test solution   Take about 0.5g of this product powder (passing through No. 3 screen), weigh it accurately, put it into a 50ml volumetric flask, add about 45ml of methanol, sonicate (power 150W, frequency 20KHz) for 20 minutes, cool it, add methanol to the scale, shake it well, filter it, and take the continuous filtrate.
      Assay   Precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      The content of arctiin (c27h34o11) in this product shall not be less than 5.0%.
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] burdock seeds remove impurities, wash and dry. Mash it in time
      [character], [identification], [inspection], [content determination] are the same as those of medicinal materials.
      Stir fried Arctium lappa   Remove the burdock seeds and stir fry them according to the clear frying method (general rule 0213) until they are slightly bulging and slightly fragrant. Mash when needed.
      . Slightly fragrant.
      [check] moisture   No more than 7.0% for the same medicinal materials.
      [identification] [inspection] (total ash) [content determination] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      . Return to lung and stomach channels.
      . For wind heat and cold, cough and phlegm, measles, rubella, sore throat, prickly cheeks, erysipelas, carbuncle and sore.
      [usage and dosage] 6 ～ 12g.
      .


2、
Fruit containsArctiin （arctiin）， Hydrolytic formationArctigenin(arctigenin) and glucose. It also contains matairesinol, tracelogenin, sesquiligenan al-d and al-f. Seed containsArctiin , lappacol a, B, C, D, e, F, H. It also contains fatty oil, including arachic acid, stearic acid,palmitic acid(palmitic acid) and linoleic acid.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Fructus Arctii
Arctium lappa seed decoction has significant antibacterial effect on pneumococcus. The water extract has different degrees of inhibitory effect on a variety of pathogenic skin fungi. Fructus Arctii has antipyretic, diuretic, hypoglycemic and antitumor effects. .