The increase of body mass in obese people is mainly caused by the accumulation of fat. Therefore, reducing fat accumulation can produce weight loss effect. Insulin is also an important regulator of lipid metabolism.oleanolic acid And ursolic acid can protect pancreatic β cells, promote the expression and release of insulin by pancreatic β cells, and increase the levels of serum insulin and C-peptide in normal and diabetic model animals, so as to play the role of insulin in reducing hyperlipidemia. The protective mechanism of β cells is to activate erk-nrf2 signal transduction pathway, induce GCLC expression, promote reduced glutathione production, inhibit JNK phosphorylation, and protect the antioxidant defense function of mitochondria, so as to resist mitochondrial apoptosis caused by palmitic acid lipotoxicity and protect the functional integrity of β cells. The above insulin-like effects of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid are extremely important mechanisms in their role of regulating blood lipids and weight loss, especially in lipid biosynthesis and metabolism, and may even participate in the absorption, synthesis, metabolism and excretion of lipids. In addition, Qidun fruit acid can also achieve weight loss through the following ways.

1. suppress appetite

Obese patients often have a strong appetite, resulting in excessive intake of sugar and fat, which is transformed into body fat and accumulated into obesity. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid can inhibit gastric emptying and reduce appetite by promoting GLP-1 secretion. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid can also reduce the increase of serum leptin caused by high-fat diet, improve leptin resistance and lose weight

2. inhibition of digestive enzyme activity

Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid are inhibitors of various digestive enzymes. It can inhibit both amylase activity and glucosidase activity, thus delaying the hydrolysis of carbohydrates to glucose and inhibiting the absorption of sugars that can synthesize fat by the intestine.

3. inhibit lipid biosynthesis and promote lipid metabolism

4. inhibit adipocyte differentiation, lipid synthesis and promote lipid metabolism

Mechanism study found that oleanolic acid promotes lipolysis by activating protein kinase a signal transduction pathway, causing hormone sensitive lipase translocation and reducing the expression of perilipin

5.  Promote skeletal muscle growth and increase muscle energy consumption

6. inhibit liver lipid synthesis and promote lipid metabolism

    Oleanolic acid also significantly enhanced carnitine palmitoyl transferase activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice, promoted fatty acid β - oxidation reaction in liver, decreased fatty acid synthase activity in liver, and promoted TG content to normal, which may be related to the up regulation of ppar- α in hepatocytes.