In 2013, the colchicine poisoning incident of Yangzhou University attracted widespread attention. The poisoner confessed that he only dipped a little "colchicine" into the victim's drink bottle with his finger, just to make the victim feel uncomfortable. Unexpectedly, the victim suffered from hydrops in the chest, pneumonia in the left lower lobe, pancreatitis, myocarditis, liver injury, intestinal infarction, gastrointestinal bleeding, blurred vision and other organ injuries. His nervous system was also damaged, and almost all organs were damaged. It can be seen that colchicine is a highly toxic chemical.
"Colchicine", also known as "colchicine", exists in the autumn daffodil flower. It is extremely toxic. It can be killed by taking 6 mg orally. Colchicine is metabolized and excreted rapidly in human body due to hydrolysis. After reaching the maximum concentration, most of colchicine is metabolized and rapidly excreted from urine. After poisoning, the residue in human body is very small.
Poisoning symptoms are similar to arsenic poisoning: symptoms occur 2 to 5 hours after poisoning, including thirst and burning sensation of throat, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and renal failure. It was followed by respiratory failure and death. Although there are various therapeutic methods, there is no antidote that can be used in clinic at this stage. Colchicine is mainly used for breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, skin cancer and chronic myeloid leukemia. According to medical experts, colchicine has great toxic and side effects. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain are common. Gastrointestinal reactions are the early symptoms of severe poisoning. It has a direct inhibitory effect on bone marrow and is easy to cause agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia.
In clinical application, it can also be used to treat the acute attack of gout. Common nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and gastrointestinal reaction are the precursor symptoms of severe poisoning. The drug should be stopped immediately when the symptoms occur. Hematuria and oliguria can be seen in kidney damage, which has a direct inhibitory effect on bone marrow, causing agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia.
(1) Digestive tract reaction: it is the most common side effect. Many gout patients have nausea, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and diarrhea after taking colchicine. Some patients are unable to take medicine because of nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.
(2) Bone marrow toxicity: it mainly inhibits the hematopoietic function of bone marrow, leading to leucopenia, aplastic anemia, etc.
(3) Liver damage: it may cause abnormal liver function, and jaundice may occur in severe cases.
(4) Kidney damage: proteinuria may occur, which generally will not cause renal failure.
(5) Other side effects: including hair loss, skin allergy, mental depression, etc.
To mitigateColchicineIn the acute phase, you can also use Fenbid, diclofenac sodium and other analgesic tablets. If there is liver and kidney function damage, you can only use natural anti-inflammatory drugs such as natural astaxanthin (ASTA), dimethyl sulfone (DSM), or use Yiyuan herbal tea to reduce uric acid, which can increase the excretion rate of uric acid by 30%.