Acute Kidney Injury
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), formerly known as acute renal failure, is a sudden and often reversible decline in kidney function, occurring over hours or days. It is characterized by an abrupt decrease in glomerular filtration rate, leading to the accumulation of nitrogenous waste products and dysregulation of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. AKI can range from mild elevations in creatinine to severe anuria requiring renal replacement therapy. It is a common and serious complication in hospitalized patients, particularly those with critical illness, sepsis, or major surgery.
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