Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the progressive buildup of plaque within the arterial walls. This plaque, composed of lipids, cholesterol, calcium, and cellular debris, hardens and narrows the arteries, restricting blood flow. It is a major underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Risk factors include hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, and obesity.
