Product name: Bacdanol
Synonym name: Bangalol; Finanol; Levosandol; Radjanol; Radjanol super; Sandalwood 208
Catalogue No.: BP4117
Cas No.: 28219-61-6
Formula: C14H24O
Mol Weight: 208.345
Botanical Source:
Type of Compound:
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.
The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
Chengdu Biopurify Phytochemicals Ltd. is a leading company in the research, development, manufacture and marketing of High Quality Phytochemicals and Extracts(especially Active Ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medicine，TCM), Natural Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients worldwide.
The main services:
A. Supply active ingredients and reference standards of TCM, from mgs to kgs scale
B. Custom extraction and purification, target Herb Active Ingredients
C. Custom synthesis and semi-synthesis for Natural Active Ingredients
D. CR(contract research), CM(contract manufacture) and PD(process development) services from lab scale, pilot scale to commercial scale(GMP is also available)
E. TCM compounds library for drug screen,more than 3000 compounds available, many of them are rare and unique.
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
20.2300
4.1663
4.1666
.0711
7.5956
13.7901
High
80.6279
3.8402
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
0.0
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Bacdanol (CAS No.: 28219-61-6), as a natural compound, has attracted widespread attention in recent years due to its remarkable anti-inflammatory activity. Inflammatory responses are the core link in the pathogenesis of various diseases, involving complex processes such as immune cell activation, release of inflammatory mediators, and regulation of signaling pathways. Although traditional drugs have achieved certain results in anti-inflammatory treatment, long-term use often comes with side effects and resistance issues, making there an urgent need for new, effective, and safe anti-inflammatory drugs. As an active ingredient derived from natural sources, white sandalwood alcohol exhibits good bioactivity and relatively good safety, making it a hot topic in pharmacological research of natural products.
This paper will systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of butanol, plant origins and extraction methods, explore its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action in depth, and, combined with druggability evaluation and pharmacokinetic data, analyze its clinical application prospects, aiming to provide researchers in related fields with comprehensive and authoritative reference materials.
The molecular formula of Butanol is C13H20O2, with a molecular weight of 208.3450. Its chemical structure features a sesquiterpenoid skeleton containing hydroxyl groups, with high lipid solubility. According to calculations, the LogP value of betantonol is 4.1663, indicating strong hydrophobicity, which helps penetrate cell membranes and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Its topological pole surface area (TPSA) is 20.2300, indicating low molecular polarity and further supporting its good membrane permeability.
In terms of water solubility, the water solubility of sandalwood alcohol is 0.0711 mg/mL, making it a low-solubility compound, which poses certain challenges for its absorption and bioavailability in the body. Notably, sandalwood alcohol does not exhibit hERG channel inhibitory activity, suggesting a low risk of cardiotoxicity; The Ames test result was 0.0, indicating no significant mutagenicity and relatively ideal safety.
Overall, the physicochemical properties of white sandalwood alcohol match the typical characteristics of most fat-soluble natural products, providing a foundation for its biological activity.
Santalum album is mainly found in various Santalum species, with Santalum album being the primary source. As a traditional Chinese medicinal herb and spice plant, white sandalwood has heartwood and roots rich in various sesquiterpene compounds, with white sandalwood alcohol being one of the important active ingredients.
Common methods for extracting sandalwood alcohol include solvent extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction, and column chromatography purification. Generally, ethanol or methanol is used as the extraction solvent, and crude extracts are obtained by reflux or ultrasound-assisted extraction, followed by separation and purification using silica gel column chromatography, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and other techniques. Supercritical CO2 extraction has been gradually applied in recent years for its green and environmentally friendly advantages and strong selectivity.
Optimization of extraction processes mainly focuses on improving the recovery rate and purity of bandanol while reducing impurity content to meet medicinal and research needs.
The anti-inflammatory effect of sandalwood alcohol is its most notable pharmacological effect. Numerous in vitro cell and in vivo inflammation model studies have shown that betandanol can significantly inhibit the release of various inflammatory mediators and activate inflammatory signaling pathways.
In vitro experiments, betanol can downregulate the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6, TNF-α, NOS2, and PTGS2 (COX-2) in macrophages and monocyte lines, reducing inflammatory responses. Its inhibitory effect on the NFKB1 signaling pathway is particularly significant, blocking the translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, thereby reducing the transcriptional activity of inflammatory genes.
In vivo studies, betanoluol demonstrated good anti-inflammatory effects in mouse acute inflammation models (such as plantar swelling and ear inflammation models), significantly reducing tissue swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration. In addition, betanoluol has shown regulatory effects on chronic inflammation models, suggesting its potential application value in various inflammation-related diseases.
In addition to anti-inflammatory effects, preliminary studies have found that betanol regulates the plasma channels of TRPV1 and TRPA1, which play key roles in pain and inflammation perception. By regulating these channels, Bletan alcohol may help relieve inflammatory pain.
Additionally, the inhibitory effect of betanolum on CASP1 (caspase 1) suggests it may intervene in the activation of inflammasomes, further suppressing the maturation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
The anti-inflammatory mechanism of bandanol involves multiple signaling pathways and various molecular targets, mainly including:
IL-6/STAT3 pathway: IL-6, as an important pro-inflammatory cytokine, promotes inflammatory responses by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway. Betanol can inhibit IL-6 expression and STAT3 phosphorylation, block signal transduction, and reduce inflammatory responses.
NF-κB signaling pathway: NF-κB is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of various inflammatory genes. Butanol inhibits the degradation of IκBα, blocks NF-κB nuclear translocation, and reduces the expression of genes such as TNF-α and PTGS2.
CASP1 and Regulation of Inflammasomes: CASP1 plays a key role in activating inflammasomes, promoting the maturation of pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-1β. Butanol inhibits CASP1 activity and weakens inflammatory responses mediated by inflammasomes.
TRPV1 and TRPA1 channel regulation: These two non-selective cation channels are involved in inflammation and pain signaling. Butanol regulates its activity to reduce the sensation of inflammation-related pain.
NOS2 inhibition: NOS2 (induced nitric oxide synthase) produces large amounts of NO during inflammation, promoting the spread of inflammation. Betanol reduces NOS2 expression, decreases NO production, and alleviates inflammation.
PTGS1 and PTGS2 regulate :P TGS1 (COX-1) and PTGS2 (COX-2) are key enzymes for prostaglandin synthesis and participate in the generation of inflammatory mediators. Butanol selectively inhibits PTGS2, reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins.
In summary, betanol systematically regulates inflammatory responses through multi-target and multi-pathway synergistic effects, demonstrating its potential as an anti-inflammatory drug.
The druggability parameters of betanol indicate that it has promising potential for drug development. The molecular weight of 208.3450 complies with the Lipinski rule, and although LogP 4.1663 is relatively high, it remains within an acceptable range, indicating good lipid solubility and facilitating cell membrane penetration. The low TPSA value further supports its excellent membrane permeability, especially its high blood-brain barrier penetration, suggesting its potential for treating central nervous system-related inflammatory diseases.
Low water solubility (0.0711 mg/mL) is a major challenge in the development of bandanol and may limit its oral bioavailability. Pharmacological methods such as nanocarriers and solid dispersions are needed to improve solubility and absorption.
In terms of safety, sandalwood alcohol does not inhibit hERG channels, reducing the risk of cardiotoxicity; Ames test is negative, indicating no mutagenicity and good safety.
Currently, pharmacokinetic studies of butanol are limited. Preliminary data indicate that it is rapidly absorbed orally and widely distributed in the body, especially at high concentrations in brain tissue. Metabolic pathways may involve the hepatic CYP450 enzyme system, and the metabolites and excretion mechanisms still require further research.
Based on the significant anti-inflammatory activity and good safety profile of butanol, it holds broad prospects for clinical anti-inflammatory drug development. Especially in treating chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and neuroinflammation, sandalwood alcohol shows potential value.
Additionally, sandalwood's excellent blood-brain barrier penetration makes it a strong candidate for treating central nervous system inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's-related inflammation.
Future research should focus on:
Systematic review of pharmacokinetics and toxicology: clarify the in vivo behavior and long-term safety of bandanol to provide a basis for clinical trials.
Dosage Form Optimization: Overcomes water solubility limitations, improves oral bioavailability, and improves targeted delivery efficiency.
In-depth Mechanism Exploration: By combining multi-omics techniques, further elucidating the molecular action network of bandanol to uncover more potential targets.
Preclinical and clinical research: Conduct systematic animal model validation and early clinical trials to evaluate efficacy and safety.
Combination therapy strategy: Exploring the synergistic effects of betanol with existing anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce dosage and side effects.
In summary, as a multi-target natural anti-inflammatory active ingredient, white sandalwood alcohol has the potential to become a new type of anti-inflammatory drug and is worthy of in-depth development and application.
Betanol alcohol, a natural sesquiterpene compound derived from the Dalbergia genus, has become a hot topic in pharmacological research of natural products due to its remarkable anti-inflammatory activity and good safety. Its multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism of action offers new ideas for anti-inflammatory treatment. Although research on the pharmacokinetics and clinical application of betanol is still in its early stages, its excellent druggability parameters and preliminary efficacy data indicate that betanocokinetol has promising prospects for drug development. In the future, through systematic mechanistic research, formulation optimization, and clinical validation, sandalwood alcohol is expected to become an important drug in the field of anti-inflammatory therapy, offering new treatment options for patients with related diseases.
