Alpinia officinarum l.var.galanga l.var.galanga l.var.galanga l.var.galanga l.var.galanga l.var.galanga l.var.galanga
Gaoliangjiang
ALPINIAE OFFICINARUM RHIZOMA
This product is the dried rhizome of Alpinia officinarum Hance, a Zingiberaceae plant. Dig in late summer and early autumn, remove fibrous roots and residual scales, wash, cut into sections, and dry in the sun.Gaoliangjiang
ALPINIAE OFFICINARUM RHIZOMA
[properties] this product is cylindrical, curved, branched, 5-9cm long, 1-1.5cm in diameter. The surface is brownish red to dark brown, with fine longitudinal wrinkles and gray brown wavy links. The internode is 0.2-1cm long, and there are circular root marks on one side. It is tough and not easy to break. Its cross section is grayish brown or reddish brown, fibrous, and the middle column accounts for about 1/3. It is fragrant and spicy.
[identification] (1) cross section of this product: the outer wall of epidermal cells is thickened, and some contain reddish brown substances. There are many vascular bundles in the middle lobe of the cortex, which are tough outside. The endothelial layer was evident. There are many tough vascular bundles outside the middle column, and the bundle sheath fibers are looped and lignified. Most secretory cells were scattered in the parenchyma of cortex and stele, containing yellow or reddish brown resinous substances; Parenchyma cells were filled with starch granules.
(2) Take 5g of this product powder, put it into a round bottom flask, add 200ml of water, connect the volatile oil detector, add water from the upper end of the detector to fill the scale part, and overflow into the flask until 3ml of n-hexane is added, connect the reflux condensation pipe, heat it to a slight boiling, keep it for 2 hours, cool it, and take n-hexane solution as the test solution. Another 5g of Alpinia officinarum reference medicinal material was prepared into the reference medicinal material solution by the same method. Test according to thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 10 μ l each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use toluene ethyl acetate (19:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray with 5% vanillin sulfuric acid solution, and heat at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color appear on the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
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The total ash content shall not exceed 4.0% (general rule 2302).
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Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was methanol-0.2% phosphoric acid solution (55:45); The detection wavelength was 266nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 6000 according to the galangin peak.
Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of galangin reference, weigh accurately, and add methanol to make a solution containing 40 μ g per 1ml.
Preparation of test solution take about 0.2g of the powder (passing through No. 4 screen), accurately weigh it, place it in a corked conical flask, precisely add 50ml of methanol, close the stopper, weigh it, heat and reflux for 1 hour, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with methanol, shake it well, filter it, and take the filtrate.
The determination method is to precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
This product is calculated as dry product, and the content of galangin (c15h10o5) shall not be less than 0.70%.
Decoction pieces
[processing] remove impurities, wash, moisten, slice, and dry.
This product is shaped like a round or irregular sheet. The outer skin is brownish red to dark brown, and some links and fibrous root marks can be seen. The cut surface is grayish brown to reddish brown, the peripheral color is light, with most scattered muscle vein dots, and the center is round, accounting for about 1/3. It is fragrant and spicy.
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[identification] (except the cross-sectional surface) [inspection] (total ash) [content determination] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
[nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, hot. Return to spleen and stomach meridian.
[functions and indications] warm stomach, stop vomiting, dispel cold and relieve pain. It is used for epigastric cold pain, stomach cold vomiting, belching and acid swallowing.
[usage and dosage] 3 ～ 6G.
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2、 Chemical constituents of Alpinia officinarum
The rhizome contains 0.5 ~ 1.5% volatile oil, the main component of which is1,8-cineoleAnd methyl cinnamate, as well as eugenol, pinene, picturene, etc. The rhizome still contains flavonoidsGalangin、Kaempferol、Kaempferol、quercetin 、IsorhamnetinAnd a pungent ingredient, called galangin.
3、 Pharmacological effects of galangal
Galangal Decoction (100%) has different degrees of antibacterial effect on Bacillus anthracis, α - or β - hemolytic streptococcus, diphtheria and diphtheria like bacilli, pneumococcus, Staphylococcus (golden, lemon, white), Bacillus subtilis, etc. (agar plate trenching method). It has a slight inhibitory effect on human tuberculosis bacilli in the test tube, but its efficacy is less than that of Coptis chinensis et al.