Caulis Spatholobi
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of Caulis Spatholobi         This product is the dried vine stem of Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn, a legume. Harvest in autumn and winter, remove the branches and leaves, slice them, and dry them in the sun.
        [character]   This product is an oval, long rectangular circular or irregular oblique section, with a thickness of 0.3 ~ 1cm. The cork is gray brown, and some gray white spots can be seen, and the peeling part of the cork is reddish brown. It is hard. ; The phloem has resinous secretions in red brown to black brown, which are alternately arranged with the wood in several concentric oval rings or eccentric semicircular rings; The medulla is biased to one side. The breath is slight and the taste is astringent.
        [identification]     (1) Cross section of this product: cork cell sequence, containing brownish red substance. The cortex is narrow, scattered with stone cell groups, and the cell cavity is filled with brownish red substances; Parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate crystals. Vascular bundles are heteromorphic, arranged in several rounds by phloem and xylem. The outermost part of phloem is a thick walled cell layer composed of stone cell groups and fiber bundles; Rays are mostly squeezed; ; There are many fibers, which are non lignified to slightly lignified. The surrounding cells contain calcium oxalate crystals, forming crystal fibers, and the walls of crystal containing cells are lignified and thickened; The stone cells were scattered. Some xylem rays contain brownish red substances; Most of the catheters are scattered, quasi circular, with a diameter of about 4OO μ m; Wood fiber bundles also form crystalline fibers; A few parenchyma cells of wood contain brownish red substances.
        (2) The powder of this product is brownish yellow. Brownish red patches are scattered in different shapes, sizes and colors. It is mainly a marginal pit catheter with a diameter of 20-400 μ m, and some contain yellow
        Brown matter. Stone cells are scattered singly or in groups of 2-3, light yellow, rectangular, quasi circular, quasi triangular or quasi square, with a diameter of 14-75 μ m and obvious lamination. . Calcium oxalate crystals are biconical or irregular.
        (3) Take 2G of this product powder, add 40ml of ethanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 10ml of water to dissolve the residue, shake and extract with 10ml of ethyl acetate, volatilize the ethyl acetate solution, add 1ml of methanol to dissolve the residue as the test solution. Another 2G of Caulis Spatholobi reference medicinal material was taken, and the reference medicinal material solution was prepared by the same method. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 ～ 10 μ l of the test solution and 5 μ l of the control medicinal material solution, respectively dot them on the same silica gel gf254 thin-layer plate, use dichloromethane acetone methanol formic acid (8:1.2:0.3:0.5) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and view under the UV light (254nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color appear at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal material; Spray with 5% vanillin sulfuric acid solution and heat at 105 ℃ until the spots are clear. On the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal material, there are spots with the same color.
        [check]   Moisture   Not more than 13.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
        Total ash   Not more than 4.0% (general rule 2302).
        [extract]   .
        ; Bitter, sweet, warm. Return to liver and kidney channels.
        [function and indications]   . It is used for irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, rheumatism, numbness, paralysis, blood deficiency and yellowing.
        [usage and dosage]   9～15g。
        ; Place in a ventilated and dry place to prevent mold and moth.


2、 Chemical constituents of Spatholobus suberectus
Vines contain friedelan-3 β -ol,Carotene（daucosterol），β - sitosterol（β-sitosterol）， 7-oxo - β -sitosterol,Formononetin（formonone -tin），Formononetin（ononin），Sakuragin（prunetin）， Afrormosin,Daidzein（daidzein）， ,Epicatechin（epicatechin），Isoliquiritigenin（isoliquiritigenin）3， 4,2 ', 4' - tetrahydroxychalcone,Liquorice chalcone a（licochalcone），Medicago lactone（medicagol），Protocatechuic acid（protocatechuic acid）， 9-methoxycoumestrol,Pigeonpea isoflavones（cajanin）。
The root contains 5-stigmastene-3 β, 7a diol, 5a-stigmastene-3 β, 6a diol.

3、 Pharmacological effects of Caulis Spatholobi
1. effect on hematopoietic system: according to heshuma and other reports, the decoction of myrtle (100%) has a blood tonic effect on experimental anemia in rabbits, which can increase blood cells and hemoglobin. The effect is stronger than that of Xianghua yadouteng. In 1989, zhangshufang et al reported that Caulis Spatholobi Decoction (2G / kg) had no obvious effect on the recovery of peripheral cells, hemoglobin and reticulocytes in rabbits with hemorrhagic anemia: 7 litters of household immune system were used in the experiment, including 4 in each of 5 litters and 2 in each of the other 2 litters, a total of 24. There were 13 females and 11 males, weighing 1.42-2.58kg. Four rabbits in the same litter were randomly divided into Salvia miltiorrhiza, Angelica sinensis, Caulis Spatholobi and control groups, with 5 rabbits in each group. The other 4 only observed their normal values. During the experiment, blood was taken from the ear vein at 8:30 a.m. (after the first feeding) to determine the hemoglobin, red blood cell count, and reticulocyte count. After the values of the three indicators were constant, they were measured for 3 consecutive days as the normal values of the rabbit. From the fourth day on, blood was bled from the V-shaped mouth cut at the tip of rabbit ears at 8:30 a.m. every day. Once a day for 3 consecutive days, each bleeding is equivalent to 1% of the body weight of the day, and the total amount of bleeding is equivalent to 50% of the total amount of blood. After exsanguination, 5% glucose solution was gavaged to supplement the lost body fluid, and the dosage was 1% of body weight. From one day after the bloodletting, each group was given 20% Salvia miltiorrhiza, Angelica sinensis and Caulis Spatholobi Decoction by gavage at the dose of 2G per LKG body weight, and the other was given 10ml normal saline per LKG body weight as a control, once a day for 10 consecutive days. Blood was taken from ear vein at 8:30 a.m. every day from 1 day to 13 days and L6, 18 and 21 days after the bloodletting to check the hemogram. ; If the normal value of reticulocytes before bloodletting is 100%, the peak time of reticulocytes after bloodletting and the level after 21 days are shown in Table 3. The above results showed that Caulis Spatholobi had no obvious effect on the recovery of red blood cells, hemoglobin and reticulocytes in the ear vein of rabbits with hemorrhagic anemia.
2. effect on coagulation and fibrinolysis: effect on the process of in vitro coagulation and fibrinolysis of canine blood the experimental dogs were used. After anesthesia, the femoral artery was exposed, blood was collected (the test tube was put into ice immediately after blood was taken), anticoagulant (sodium oxalate, sodium citrate) 1 part plus 9 parts of whole blood, plasma was separated by centrifugation, plasma was divided into 3 parts, and 0.03ml of normal saline, Salvia miltiorrhiza injection, and Caulis Spatholobi injection were added respectively. The recalcification time (reflecting the internal coagulation process), prothrombin time, thrombin clotting time, plasma fibrinogen quantification, and voxelolysis test were determined. It can be seen that Caulis Spatholobi (containing 3mg of crude drug per 1ml) has no obvious effect on the coagulation and fibrinolysis process of isolated canine blood.
3. heart inhibition and blood pressure lowering effect: 50% Caulis Spatholobi decoction has slight inhibitory effect on toad hearts in vitro and in vivo. Both 0.43-0.5g crude drug / kg Decoction given to anesthetists and 0.3g crude drug / kg Decoction given to dogs can cause blood pressure drop; However, it has a contractile effect on isolated ear and Toad blood vessels.
4. anticancer effect: in vitro test dose of 500 ng (hot water extract) /ml, the inhibition rate of jtc-26 was 94, 4%; .
5. regulation of lipid metabolism: Japanese quail can increase hdl2-c, reduce hdl3-c and increase the ratio of hdl2-c / hdl3-c by gavage with 6g/kg of Caulis Spatholobi Decoction for 14 and 47 days, which is an important indicator for evaluating lipid metabolism and arteriosclerosis (the ratio of hdl2-c / hdl3-c in patients with coronary heart disease is lower than that in patients without coronary heart disease). Caulis Spatholobi has inhibitory effect on aortic and brachiocephalic artery lesions.